Woodson K, Albanes D, Tangrea J A, Rautalahti M, Virtamo J, Taylor P R
Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-7058, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 1999 Jun;10(3):219-26. doi: 10.1023/a:1008911624785.
We evaluated the association between alcohol intake and lung cancer in a trial-based cohort in Finland, the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (ATBC Study).
During an average of 7.7 years of follow-up, 1059 lung cancer cases were diagnosed among the 27,111 male smokers with complete alcohol and dietary information. The relationship between alcohol and lung cancer was assessed in multivariate Cox regression models that adjusted for age, smoking, body mass index and intervention group.
Nondrinkers, 11% of the study population, were at increased lung cancer risk compared to drinkers (RR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0-1.4), possibly due to the inclusion of ex-drinkers who had stopped drinking for health reasons. Among drinkers only, we observed no association between lung cancer and total ethanol or specific beverage (beer, wine, spirits) intake. We found no significant effect modification by level of smoking, dietary micronutrients or trial intervention group; however, for men in the highest quartile of alcohol intake, we observed a slight increase in risk for lighter smokers (<1 pack/day) and reduced risk among the heaviest smokers (>30 cigarettes/day).
We concluded that alcohol consumption was not a risk factor for lung cancer among male cigarette smokers, and its effect was not significantly modified by other factors, notably smoking history.
在芬兰的一项基于试验的队列研究——α-生育酚、β-胡萝卜素癌症预防研究（ATBC研究）中，我们评估了酒精摄入量与肺癌之间的关联。
在平均7.7年的随访期间，在27111名有完整酒精和饮食信息的男性吸烟者中诊断出1059例肺癌病例。在多变量Cox回归模型中评估酒精与肺癌之间的关系，该模型对年龄、吸烟、体重指数和干预组进行了调整。
不饮酒者占研究人群的11%，与饮酒者相比，其患肺癌的风险增加（风险比=1.2，95%置信区间：1.0-1.4），这可能是由于纳入了因健康原因戒酒的前饮酒者。仅在饮酒者中，我们未观察到肺癌与总乙醇摄入量或特定饮料（啤酒、葡萄酒、烈酒）摄入量之间存在关联。我们未发现吸烟水平、饮食微量营养素或试验干预组有显著的效应修正；然而，对于酒精摄入量处于最高四分位数的男性，我们观察到轻度吸烟者（<1包/天）的风险略有增加，而重度吸烟者（>30支/天）的风险降低。
我们得出结论，在男性吸烟者中，饮酒不是肺癌的危险因素，其影响未被其他因素（尤其是吸烟史）显著修正。
