Soyannwo M A, Kurashi N Y, Gadallah M, Hams J, el-Essawi O, Khan N A, Singh R G, Alamri A, Beyari T H
Nephrology Unit, King Fahd Specialist Hospital (KFSH), Buraidah, Gassim, Saudi Arabia.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 1998 Mar-Jun;27(1-2):107-16.
Blood pressure pattern for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has not been defined. In a total cross-sectional population survey of the Faizia East Primary Health District of Buraidah, capital of Gassim region, Saudi Arabia, 5671 subjects out of a de facto population of 7695 got their blood pressure recorded. The study district consisted of an urban section and a rural sector. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were computed for the total population in conventional 5-year age cohorts as well as in an arbitrary functional age groups. The curve pattern and trends of the percentiles, were defined. Mean blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) was found to rise with age in both genders (male SBP: r = 0.66, P < 0.000001: female SBP: r = 0.58, P < 0.00001; male DBP: r = 0.53, P < 0.00001; female DBP: r = 0.45, P < 0.00001) and to correlate significantly with BMI. Both systolic and diastolic values were consistently higher in females than males. Overall means (+/- SD) were: for SBP, male 109.9 (+/- 21.57) vs female 114.33 (+/- 21.22) mm Hg; df: 5669: P < 0.00000; CI: -5.5, -2.0; for DBP, male 62.85 (+/- 16.89) vs female 64.67 (+/- 14.99) mm Hg; df: 5669; P < 0.0000; CI: -2.65, -0.989. Proteinuria (macroalbuminuria) was found to correlate positively and very significantly with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure: for SBP: r = 0.074, P < 0.0001; DBP: r = 0.055, P < 0.0001. Perhaps more significantly, in the context of preventive nephrology, is the observation that the intercept of the regression line with blood pressure was below the level conventionally regarded as hypertensive, suggesting that nephron damage may have occurred at this lower level. Overall mean diastolic blood pressure but not systolic was found to be significantly higher in the rural environment than the urban setting: mean rural DBP: 66.43 (+/- 15.699) vs urban: 62.78 (+/- 78); P < 0.00001; rural SBP: 113.71 (+/- 23.95) vs urban: 112.69 (+/- 19.87), P = NS. No discernible effect of consanguinity in marriage on blood pressure could be detected in this study but we believe that further details are required before a definite statement can be made on this important subject. The percentiles presented can only be regarded as foundation figures requiring further validation before they can be useful in determining cut-off levels for hypertension for the Saudi population.
沙特阿拉伯王国的血压模式尚未明确。在沙特阿拉伯盖西姆地区首府布赖代的法齐亚东部初级卫生区进行的一项全面横断面人口调查中，在实际人口7695人中，有5671人的血压被记录下来。研究区域包括一个城市区域和一个农村区域。按传统的5岁年龄组以及任意功能年龄组计算了总人口的平均收缩压和舒张压。定义了百分位数的曲线模式和趋势。发现男女的平均血压（收缩压和舒张压）均随年龄增长而升高（男性收缩压：r = 0.66，P < 0.000001；女性收缩压：r = 0.58，P < 0.00001；男性舒张压：r = 0.53，P < 0.00001；女性舒张压：r = 0.45，P < 0.00001），并且与体重指数显著相关。女性的收缩压和舒张压值始终高于男性。总体均值（±标准差）为：收缩压，男性109.9（±21.57）mmHg，女性114.33（±21.22）mmHg；自由度：5669；P < 0.00000；置信区间：-5.5，-2.0；舒张压，男性62.85（±16.89）mmHg，女性64.67（±14.99）mmHg；自由度：5669；P < 0.0000；置信区间：-2.65，-0.989。发现蛋白尿（大量蛋白尿）与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关且非常显著：收缩压：r = 0.074，P < 0.0001；舒张压：r = 0.055，P < 0.0001。也许更重要的是，在预防肾脏病学背景下，观察到回归线与血压的截距低于传统上认为的高血压水平，这表明在这个较低水平可能已经发生了肾单位损伤。发现农村环境中的总体平均舒张压显著高于城市环境，但收缩压并非如此：农村平均舒张压：66.43（±15.699），城市：62.78（±78）；P < 0.00001；农村收缩压：113.71（±23.95），城市：112.69（±19.87），P =无显著差异。在本研究中未检测到婚姻中的近亲结婚对血压有明显影响，但我们认为在就这个重要问题做出明确陈述之前还需要进一步的细节。所呈现的百分位数只能被视为基础数据，在可用于确定沙特人群高血压的临界值之前需要进一步验证。
