Cutcliffe J R, McKenna H P
Mental Health Nursing and Practice, Sheffield University, Sheffield and RCN Institute, Oxford, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1999 Aug;30(2):374-80. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01090.x.
Qualitative research is increasingly recognized and valued and its unique place in nursing research is highlighted by many. Despite this, some nurse researchers continue to raise epistemological issues about the problems of objectivity and the validity of qualitative research findings. This paper explores the issues relating to the representativeness or credibility of qualitative research findings. It therefore critiques the existing distinct philosophical and methodological positions concerning the trustworthiness of qualitative research findings, which are described as follows: quantitative studies should be judged using the same criteria and terminology as quantitative studies; it is impossible, in a meaningful way, for any criteria to be used to judge qualitative studies; qualitative studies should be judged using criteria that are developed for and fit the qualitative paradigm; and the credibility of qualitative research findings could be established by testing out the emerging theory by means of conducting a deductive quantitative study. The authors conclude by providing some guidelines for establishing the credibility of qualitative research findings.
定性研究越来越受到认可和重视，许多人强调了它在护理研究中的独特地位。尽管如此，一些护士研究人员仍继续提出有关客观性问题以及定性研究结果有效性的认识论问题。本文探讨了与定性研究结果的代表性或可信度相关的问题。因此，它批判了现有的关于定性研究结果可信度的不同哲学和方法论立场，这些立场如下所述：定量研究应使用与定量研究相同的标准和术语来评判；以有意义的方式使用任何标准来评判定性研究是不可能的；定性研究应使用为定性范式制定并适合该范式的标准来评判；定性研究结果的可信度可以通过进行演绎定量研究来检验新出现的理论来确立。作者最后提供了一些确立定性研究结果可信度的指导方针。
