De Mitrio V, De Pergola G, Vettor R, Marino R, Sciaraffia M, Pagano C, Scaraggi F A, Di Lorenzo L, Giorgino R
Centro Emostasi e Trombosi, Istituto di Clinica Medica, Endocrinologia e Malattie Metaboliche, and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University of Bari, Italy.
Metabolism. 1999 Aug;48(8):960-4. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(99)90190-7.
Leptin, the satiety hormone expressed almost exclusively in adipose tissue, is a marker of body fat accumulation in humans. Recent studies have shown that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a prothrombotic factor associated with atherosclerosis complications, is also produced in adipose tissue. The objective of the present study was to determine whether PAI-1 antigen plasma concentrations are associated with leptin plasma levels or the body fat mass (FM) independently of the variables known to influence PAI-1 production. Sixty-one nondiabetic women aged 18 to 45 years with a wide range of values for the body mass index ([BMI] 18.1 to 37.7 kg/m2) were evaluated for (1) body FM and fasting plasma levels of (2) PAI-1 antigen, (3) PAI-1 activity, (4) leptin, (5) insulin, (6) blood glucose, and (7) lipids (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein [HDL]-cholesterol, and triglycerides [TG]). Body FM and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated during fasting conditions by the bioimpedance analysis (BIA) method using a tetrapolar device. Body fat distribution was evaluated by the waist circumference and the waist to hip ratio (WHR). FM was directly associated with both PAI-1 antigen (r = .585, P < .001) and PAI-1 activity (r = .339, P < .001). Seemingly, leptin was positively related to both PAI-1 antigen (r = .630, P < .001) and PAI-1 activity (r = .497, P < .001). Moreover, both PAI-I antigen and PAI-1 activity were directly correlated with FFM (r = .285, P < .05, and r = .336, P < .01, respectively), BMI (r = .594, P < .001, and r = .458, P < .001, respectively), and WHR (r = .510, P < .001, and r = .391, P < .005, respectively). Insulin was directly related to PAI-1 antigen (r = .540, P < .001), PAI-1 activity (r = .259, P < .05), leptin (r = .447, P < .001), and FM (r = .435, P < .001). The association between PAI-1 antigen (dependent variable) and leptin or FM was tested by a stepwise regression model simultaneously including leptin, FM, BMI, WHR, age, FFM, and fasting insulin, blood glucose, TG, cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol as independent variables. PAI-1 antigen maintained a significant positive independent relationship only with leptin (t = 2.923, P < .01), insulin (t = 3.489, P < .001), and fasting blood glucose (t = 2.092, P < .05), and a negative independent relationship with HDL-cholesterol (t = -2.634, P < .05). In conclusion, the strong relationship between PAI-1 antigen and leptin irrespective of other variables known to influence these factors seems to indicate that leptin per se may potentially increase PAI-1 plasma concentrations in obese subjects.
瘦素是一种几乎仅在脂肪组织中表达的饱腹感激素，是人体脂肪堆积的一个标志物。最近的研究表明，纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1），一种与动脉粥样硬化并发症相关的促血栓形成因子，也在脂肪组织中产生。本研究的目的是确定PAI-1抗原血浆浓度是否与瘦素血浆水平或体脂量（FM）相关，而不受已知影响PAI-1产生的变量的影响。对61名年龄在18至45岁之间、体重指数（BMI）范围广泛（18.1至37.7kg/m²）的非糖尿病女性进行了评估，测定了（1）身体FM以及（2）PAI-1抗原、（3）PAI-1活性、（4）瘦素、（5）胰岛素、（6）血糖和（7）血脂（胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白[HDL]-胆固醇和甘油三酯[TG]）的空腹血浆水平。在空腹状态下，使用四极装置通过生物电阻抗分析（BIA）方法估算身体FM和去脂体重（FFM）。通过腰围和腰臀比（WHR）评估身体脂肪分布。FM与PAI-1抗原（r = 0.585，P < 0.001）和PAI-1活性（r = 0.339，P < 0.001）均直接相关。似乎，瘦素与PAI-1抗原（r = 0.630，P < 0.001）和PAI-1活性（r = 0.497，P < 0.001）均呈正相关。此外，PAI-1抗原和PAI-1活性均与FFM（分别为r = 0.285，P < 0.05和r = 0.336，P < 0.01）、BMI（分别为r = 0.594，P < 0.001和r = 0.458，P < 0.001）以及WHR（分别为r = 0.510，P < 0.001和r = 0.391，P < 0.005）直接相关。胰岛素与PAI-1抗原（r = 0.540，P < 0.001）、PAI-1活性（r = 0.259，P < 0.05）、瘦素（r = 0.447，P < 0.001）和FM（r = 0.435，P < 0.001）均直接相关。通过逐步回归模型测试PAI-1抗原（因变量）与瘦素或FM之间的关联，该模型同时纳入瘦素、FM、BMI、WHR、年龄、FFM以及空腹胰岛素、血糖、TG、胆固醇和HDL-胆固醇作为自变量。PAI-1抗原仅与瘦素（t = 2.923，P < 0.01）、胰岛素（t = 3.489，P < 0.001）和空腹血糖（t = 2.092，P < 0.05）保持显著的正独立关系，与HDL-胆固醇呈负独立关系（t = -2.634，P < 0.05）。总之，PAI-1抗原与瘦素之间存在很强的关系，且不受已知影响这些因素的其他变量的影响，这似乎表明瘦素本身可能会使肥胖受试者的PAI-1血浆浓度升高。
