Viviani S, Jack A, Hall A J, Maine N, Mendy M, Montesano R, Whittle H C
The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Fajara, Banjul.
Vaccine. 1999 Aug 6;17(23-24):2946-50. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(99)00178-4.
To estimate the efficacy in The Gambia (West Africa) of infant hepatitis B vaccination against infection and carriage with the virus at the age of 9 years. The HBV status of 9-year old children vaccinated in infancy was compared to that of unvaccinated children of the same age. Eight percent of the vaccinated children had been infected by HBV compared to 50% of the unvaccinated control group; HBV carrier status was 0.6 and 10% respectively, resulting in a vaccine efficacy of 83% against infection and of 95% against chronic carriage. The results show that infant vaccination provides a high level of protection at the age of nine years against both HBV infection and chronic carrier status and no booster dose of vaccine is required in the first decade. These findings support the WHO recommendation for the introduction of HBV vaccination into the Expanded Programme on Immunization in Africa.
评估在冈比亚（西非）婴儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗对9岁时感染及携带该病毒的效果。将婴儿期接种疫苗的9岁儿童的乙肝病毒（HBV）状况与未接种疫苗的同龄儿童进行比较。接种疫苗儿童中8%曾感染HBV，而未接种疫苗的对照组这一比例为50%；HBV携带者状态分别为0.6%和10%，疫苗预防感染的效力为83%，预防慢性携带的效力为95%。结果表明，婴儿接种疫苗在9岁时对HBV感染和慢性携带者状态均提供了高水平的保护，并且在第一个十年不需要加强剂量的疫苗。这些发现支持世界卫生组织关于将HBV疫苗接种引入非洲扩大免疫规划的建议。
