Fortuin M, Chotard J, Jack A D, Maine N P, Mendy M, Hall A J, Inskip H M, George M O, Whittle H C
International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, Banjul.
Lancet. 1993 May 1;341(8853):1129-31. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)93137-p.
Because of the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in The Gambia, HBV vaccination has been incorporated into the national expanded programme on immunisation. We have assessed the efficacy of the vaccine against HBV infection and chronic carriage by examining 720 3-4-year-old children who had received the vaccine in infancy and 816 who had not received it. The vaccine was 84% (95% CI 78-89%) effective against infection and 94% (84-98%) effective against chronic carriage. Vaccinated infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface and e antigens were at greater risk of breakthrough infection and chronic carriage than infants of uninfected mothers. The high vaccine efficacy against the HBV carrier state, the main risk factor for the development of chronic liver disease and liver cancer, offers hope that the prevalence of these diseases may be reduced in the future.
由于冈比亚乙肝病毒（HBV）感染率很高，乙肝疫苗接种已纳入国家扩大免疫规划。我们通过检查720名在婴儿期接种过疫苗的3至4岁儿童和816名未接种过疫苗的儿童，评估了该疫苗预防HBV感染和慢性携带的效果。该疫苗预防感染的有效率为84%（95%可信区间78 - 89%），预防慢性携带的有效率为94%（84 - 98%）。母亲乙肝表面抗原和e抗原呈阳性的接种疫苗婴儿比未感染母亲的婴儿发生突破性感染和慢性携带的风险更高。该疫苗对HBV携带状态具有很高的预防效果，而HBV携带状态是慢性肝病和肝癌发生的主要危险因素，这为未来降低这些疾病的患病率带来了希望。
