微型陀螺离心泵作为植入式心室辅助装置的可行性。

Yoshikawa M, Nakata K, Ohtsuka G, Takano T, Glueck J, Fujisawa A, Makinouchi K, Yokokawa M, Nosé Y

Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

Artif Organs. 1999 Aug;23(8):774-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.1999.06421.x.

The Gyro pumps were developed for long-term circulatory support. The first generation Gyro pump (C1E3) achieved 1 month paracorporeal circulatory support in chronic animal experiments; the second generation (PI702) implantable ventricular assist device (VAD) was successful for over 6 months. The objective of the next generation Gyro pump is for use as a long-term totally implantable VAD and for pediatric circulatory support. This tiny Gyro pump (KP101) was fabricated with the same design concept as the other Gyro pumps. The possibility of an implantable VAD was determined after performance and hemolysis test results were compared to those of the other Gyro pumps. The pump housing and impeller were fabricated from polycarbonate with an impeller diameter of 35 mm. The diameter and height of the pump housings are 52.3 mm and 29.9 mm, respectively. At this time, a DC brushless motor drives the KP101, which is the same as that for the C1E3. The pump performance was measured in 37% glycerin water at 37 degrees C. Hemolysis tests were performed utilizing a compact mock loop filled with fresh bovine blood in a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) condition at 37 degrees C. The KP101 achieved the LVAD conditions of 5 L/min and 100 mm Hg at 2,900 rpm; generated 10 L/min against 100 mm Hg at 3,200 rpm; 3 L/min against 90 mm Hg at 2,600 rpm; and 2 L/min against 80 mm Hg at 2,400 rpm. In addition, the pump efficiency during this experiment was 12.5%. The other Gyro pumps. that is, the C1E3, PI601, and PI701, in an LVAD condition require 1,600, 2,000, and 2,000 rpm, respectively. The KP101 produced a normalized index of hemolysis (NIH) value of 0.005 g/100 L. With regard to the NIH, the other Gyro pumps, namely the C1E3, PI601, and PI701 demonstrated 0.0007, 0.0028, and 0.004 g/100 L, respectively. The KP101 produced an acceptable pressure flow curve for a VAD. The NIH value was higher than that of other Gyro pumps, but is in an acceptable range.

陀螺泵是为长期循环支持而开发的。第一代陀螺泵（C1E3）在慢性动物实验中实现了1个月的体外循环支持；第二代（PI702）植入式心室辅助装置（VAD）成功支持了6个月以上。下一代陀螺泵的目标是用作长期完全植入式VAD以及用于儿科循环支持。这款微型陀螺泵（KP101）采用了与其他陀螺泵相同的设计理念制造。在将性能和溶血测试结果与其他陀螺泵进行比较后，确定了植入式VAD的可能性。泵壳和叶轮由聚碳酸酯制成，叶轮直径为35毫米。泵壳的直径和高度分别为52.3毫米和29.9毫米。此时，一台直流无刷电机驱动KP101，这与C1E3的驱动电机相同。泵的性能在37℃的37%甘油水中进行测量。溶血测试是在左心室辅助装置（LVAD）条件下，于37℃使用一个充满新鲜牛血的紧凑型模拟回路进行的。KP101在2900转/分钟时达到了LVAD条件下5升/分钟和100毫米汞柱；在3200转/分钟时产生10升/分钟对抗100毫米汞柱；在2600转/分钟时产生3升/分钟对抗90毫米汞柱；在2400转/分钟时产生2升/分钟对抗80毫米汞柱。此外，该实验期间泵的效率为12.5%。其他陀螺泵，即C1E3、PI60一和PI701，在LVAD条件下分别需要1600、2000和2000转/分钟。KP101产生的溶血标准化指数（NIH）值为0.005克/100升。关于NIH，其他陀螺泵，即C1E3、PI601和PI701分别显示为0.0007、0.0028和0.004克/100升。KP101产生了一条对于VAD来说可接受的压力流量曲线。NIH值高于其他陀螺泵，但处于可接受范围内。