Richman P B, Dinowitz S, Nashed A, Eskin B, Cody R
Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown Memorial Hospital, NJ 07962, USA.
Acad Emerg Med. 1999 Aug;6(8):807-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb01211.x.
To define the prevalence of smokers and nicotine-addicted patients in a suburban, community ED.
This was a prospective survey of consecutive ED patients seen in a suburban ED with an annual patient census of 48,000. Medically stable patients aged 18 years or older were eligible for inclusion. Patients were excluded if they had predominantly psychiatric complaints or were critically ill. Patients were queried about their smoking habits by a closed-question survey, which included the previously validated Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. The study was conducted during a six-week period, only at times when there were dedicated research associates available to ensure consecutive patient entry. Continuous variables were analyzed by Student's t-tests. Clinical variables were analyzed by chi-square tests. All tests were two-tailed with alpha at 0.05.
1,515 patients comprised the study group. The mean age (+/-SD) was 45.6 (+/-18.9) years; 52% were female, 25% were nonwhite, and 47% were college graduates. There were 317 (21%) smokers. Patients having private physicians were less likely to smoke (18% vs 29%, p = 0.001). Of all smokers, 46% were moderately to severely nicotine-dependent, 69% wanted to quit, and 30% expressed an interest in joining a smoking cessation program.
A substantial percentage of ED patients smoke, many of them are nicotine-addicted, and the majority would like to quit. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to determine whether interventions by physicians in the ED can have an impact on the smoking habits of these patients.
确定郊区社区急诊科吸烟者和尼古丁成瘾患者的患病率。
这是一项对一家年患者普查量为48000人的郊区急诊科连续就诊患者的前瞻性调查。年龄在18岁及以上且病情稳定的患者符合纳入标准。主要有精神疾病主诉或病情危急的患者被排除在外。通过封闭式问卷调查询问患者的吸烟习惯，问卷包括先前经过验证的尼古丁依赖弗格森测试。该研究在六周内进行，仅在有专门研究人员确保患者连续入组的时候开展。连续变量采用学生t检验进行分析。临床变量采用卡方检验进行分析。所有检验均为双侧检验，α值设定为0.05。
1515名患者组成了研究组。平均年龄（±标准差）为45.6（±18.9）岁；52%为女性，25%为非白人，47%为大学毕业生。有317名（21%）吸烟者。有私人医生的患者吸烟可能性较小（18%对29%，p = 0.001）。在所有吸烟者中，46%为中度至重度尼古丁依赖，69%想戒烟，30%表示有兴趣参加戒烟项目。
相当比例的急诊科患者吸烟，其中许多人有尼古丁成瘾，且大多数人想戒烟。需要进行随机对照试验来确定急诊科医生的干预措施是否会对这些患者的吸烟习惯产生影响。
