Lee Y A, Binder K S, Kim J O, Pollatsek A, Rayner K
Department of Psychology, Ewha Women's University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1999 Aug;25(4):948-64. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.25.4.948.
Two experiments addressed the issue of whether phonological codes are activated early in a fixation during reading using the fast-priming technique (S. C. Sereno & K. Rayner, 1992). Participants read sentences and, at the beginning of the initial fixation in a target location, a priming letter string was displayed, followed by the target word. Phonological priming was assessed by the difference in the gaze duration on the target word between when the prime was a homophone and when it was a control word equated with the homophone on orthographic similarity to the target. Both experiments demonstrated homophonic priming with prime durations of about 35 ms, but only for high-frequency word primes, indicating that lexicality was guiding the speed of the extraction of phonological codes early in a fixation. Evidence was also obtained for orthographic priming, and the data suggest that orthographic and phonological priming effects interact in a mutually facilitating manner.
两项实验运用快速启动技术（S. C. 塞雷诺和K. 雷纳，1992）探讨了在阅读过程中语音编码是否在注视初期就被激活这一问题。参与者阅读句子，在目标位置初始注视开始时，呈现一个启动字母串，随后是目标词。通过比较启动词为同音词时与启动词为与目标词在正字法相似性上等同于同音词的控制词时目标词的注视时长差异，来评估语音启动效应。两项实验均表明，启动词持续时间约为35毫秒时存在同音启动效应，但仅针对高频词启动词，这表明词汇性在注视初期引导着语音编码的提取速度。实验还获得了正字法启动效应的证据，数据表明正字法和语音启动效应以相互促进的方式相互作用。
