Herrick S, Blanc-Brude O, Gray A, Laurent G
PfizerCentral Research, Sandwich, Kent, UK.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1999 Jul;31(7):741-6. doi: 10.1016/s1357-2725(99)00032-1.
Fibrinogen is a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. As well as controlling blood loss at sites of tissue damage, other properties of fibrinogen have recently been discovered. For example, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin, released during coagulation and fibrinolysis, respectively, regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types including fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Current research aims to define the bioactive fibrinogen molecule moieties and cellular receptors involved in these processes. Future studies may provide us with new opportunities to develop agents which are useful in promoting tissue repair or conversely in inhibiting fibrosis in inflammatory and fibroproliferative diseases where endothelial cell damage or chronic leakage of blood proteins is a feature.
纤维蛋白原是一种由三对不同多肽链组成的血源糖蛋白。血管损伤后，纤维蛋白原被凝血酶切割形成纤维蛋白，它是血凝块中最丰富的成分。除了控制组织损伤部位的失血外，最近还发现了纤维蛋白原的其他特性。例如，纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白的各种裂解产物，分别在凝血和纤溶过程中释放，调节细胞黏附和铺展，表现出血管收缩和趋化活性，并且是几种细胞类型（包括成纤维细胞、内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞）的促有丝分裂原。当前的研究旨在确定参与这些过程的生物活性纤维蛋白原分子部分和细胞受体。未来的研究可能为我们提供新的机会，来开发有助于促进组织修复的药物，或者相反，在以内皮细胞损伤或血液蛋白慢性渗漏为特征的炎症和纤维增生性疾病中抑制纤维化。
