Madan A K, Yu K, Beech D J
Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
J Trauma. 1999 Sep;47(3):568-71. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199909000-00026.
Alcohol and drug use has been implicated as a contributing factor to all types of trauma. This investigation seeks to determine the prevalence of alcohol and drug use in patients who are victims of life-threatening injuries and the association of alcohol and drug use with intentional trauma.
The Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans (Charity Campus) trauma registry was used to identify patients sustaining life-threatening injuries that presented to our American College of Surgeons Level 1 trauma center over a 6-month period. Serum ethanol levels and urine toxicology were assessed at initial presentation for all patients.
A total of 557 patients were evaluated. Seventy percent (n = 319) of tested patients (n = 450) had positive serum ethanol and/or urine toxicology results. Male gender (75% vs. 55%; p < 0.001) was associated with positive screens; ethnicity was not. No difference in hospital days or mortality was seen between positive and negative screens. Victims of intentional trauma showed a higher percent of positive screens (80% vs. 63%; p < 0.005).
These data suggest that alcohol and drug use is associated with life-threatening injury, especially intentional injury. Prevention of substance abuse is essential for the prevention of trauma.
酒精和药物使用已被认为是各类创伤的一个促成因素。本研究旨在确定危及生命损伤患者中酒精和药物使用的患病率，以及酒精和药物使用与故意伤害之间的关联。
利用新奥尔良路易斯安那医学中心（慈善院区）的创伤登记系统，确定在6个月期间内就诊于我们美国外科医师学会一级创伤中心的危及生命损伤患者。对所有患者在初次就诊时评估血清乙醇水平和尿液毒理学情况。
共评估了557例患者。在接受检测的患者（n = 450）中，70%（n = 319）血清乙醇和/或尿液毒理学结果呈阳性。男性（75%对55%；p < 0.001）与筛查阳性相关；种族则无关。筛查阳性和阴性患者之间在住院天数或死亡率方面未见差异。故意伤害受害者的筛查阳性率更高（80%对63%；p < 0.005）。
这些数据表明，酒精和药物使用与危及生命的损伤相关，尤其是与故意伤害相关。预防药物滥用对于预防创伤至关重要。
