Thomsen S, Arnetz B, Nolan P, Soares J, Dallender J
National Institute for Psychosocial Factors and Health, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 1999 Sep;30(3):749-57. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01141.x.
Although health care systems around the world are undergoing rapid changes, there is an absence of comparative studies of how these changes affect nurses' well-being and work life. The purpose of this study was (i) to identify and describe possible differences between the psycho-social work environments of English and Swedish mental health nurses, and (ii) to attempt to explain these differences. 1016 psychiatric nurses from Stockholm (Sweden) and Birmingham (England) responded to a postal questionnaire on their psycho-social work environment and feelings of professional fulfillment, mental energy and work-related exhaustion. The study was given ethical clearance in Stockholm and Birmingham. Results indicated that while the English nurses rated their organizational well-being more favourably, Swedish psychiatric nurses reported greater individual well-being than their counterparts. Multiple regression analyses indicated that self-esteem was important for explaining mental energy and work-related exhaustion, but less so for explaining professional fulfillment, which was predicted primarily by organizational factors. When controlling for self-esteem, which was higher amongst the Swedish nurses, the differences in professional fulfillment and mental health were no longer significant. Reasons for the differences in self-esteem and experiences of the workplace are discussed. Low response rate may have contributed to a selection bias.
尽管世界各地的医疗保健系统正在经历迅速变革，但对于这些变革如何影响护士的幸福感和工作生活，却缺乏比较研究。本研究的目的是：（i）识别并描述英格兰和瑞典精神科护士心理社会工作环境之间可能存在的差异；（ii）尝试解释这些差异。来自斯德哥尔摩（瑞典）和伯明翰（英格兰）的1016名精神科护士回复了一份关于其心理社会工作环境以及职业成就感、心理能量和工作相关倦怠感的邮寄问卷。该研究在斯德哥尔摩和伯明翰获得了伦理许可。结果表明，虽然英格兰护士对其组织幸福感的评价更高，但瑞典精神科护士报告的个人幸福感高于其英格兰同行。多元回归分析表明，自尊对于解释心理能量和工作相关倦怠很重要，但对于解释职业成就感的重要性较低，职业成就感主要由组织因素预测。在对瑞典护士中较高的自尊进行控制后，职业成就感和心理健康方面的差异不再显著。文中讨论了自尊差异和工作场所体验差异的原因。低回复率可能导致了选择偏倚。
