Ganguli M, Dube S, Johnston J M, Pandav R, Chandra V, Dodge H H
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, USA.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1999 Oct;14(10):807-20.
To measure depressive symptomatology in a largely illiterate elderly population in India, using a new Hindi version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-H), and to examine its distribution and associations with age, gender, literacy, cognitive impairment and functional impairment.
A Hindi version of the Geriatric Depression Scale was developed and administered to participants along with measures of demographic characteristics, cognitive functioning and functional ability.
The rural community of Ballabgarh in northern India.
A community sample of 1554 mostly illiterate Hindi-speaking residents of Ballabgarh aged 55+.
The Hindi version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-H); the Hindi Mental State Exam (HMSE); the Everyday Abilities Scale for India (EASI); age, gender and literacy.
The GDS-H had high internal consistency and a factor structure comparable to the original English language version. The overall distribution of scores was higher than reported from other populations. Greater numbers of depressive symptoms, as measured by higher scores on the GDS-H, were associated with older age and illiteracy. Among the illiterate, there was no gender difference while among the literate, higher GDS-H scores were found among women. Cognitive impairment and functional disability were independently associated with higher scores on the GDS-H after adjustment for age, gender and literacy.
A reliable and valid Hindi version of the GDS has been developed. Depressive symptoms as measured by the GDS-H were prominent in this elderly illiterate northern Indian population and strongly associated with both cognitive and functional impairment.
使用新的印地语版老年抑郁量表（GDS-H），对印度一个大多为文盲的老年人群的抑郁症状进行测量，并研究其分布情况以及与年龄、性别、识字率、认知障碍和功能障碍的关联。
开发了印地语版老年抑郁量表，并将其与人口统计学特征、认知功能和功能能力的测量方法一起施用于参与者。
印度北部巴拉加尔的农村社区。
巴拉加尔1554名年龄在55岁及以上、大多为文盲且讲印地语的居民组成的社区样本。
印地语版老年抑郁量表（GDS-H）；印地语精神状态检查（HMSE）；印度日常能力量表（EASI）；年龄、性别和识字率。
GDS-H具有较高的内部一致性，其因子结构与原始英语版本相当。分数的总体分布高于其他人群的报告。以GDS-H得分较高衡量，更多的抑郁症状与年龄较大和文盲有关。在文盲中，没有性别差异，而在识字者中，女性的GDS-H得分较高。在对年龄、性别和识字率进行调整后，认知障碍和功能残疾与GDS-H得分较高独立相关。
已开发出可靠且有效的印地语版GDS。在印度北部这个老年文盲人群中，以GDS-H测量的抑郁症状很突出，且与认知和功能障碍都密切相关。
