Woo J, Lynn H, Lau W Y, Leung J, Lau E, Wong S Y S, Kwok T
Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Nov;21(11):1036-43. doi: 10.1002/gps.1603.
Associations between nutrition and cognitive impairment, and nutrition and depression, have been observed. Elderly people are at risk of under nutrition, and also have higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression.
To examine the relationship between nutrient intake and psychological health in the elderly, adjusting for confounding factors.
Three thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine men and women aged 65 years and over living in the community, with approximately equal numbers in three age groups: 65-69, 70-74, 75+ years.
Dietary intake was assessed using a 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed by the cognitive part of the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID). Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Information was also collected for confounding factors: demographics, educational level, socioeconomic status, medical history, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine associations between lifestyle and dietary variables, and CSID and GDS, controlling for confounders.
Both CSID and GDS scores were associated with co-morbidity, demographic and socioeconomic factors. Few associations between lifestyle factors and CSID score were observed. Dietary factors inversely associated with GDS score include total fat intake, vitamins A, B2, B3, C, fibre, and vegetables. In terms of nutrient density, iron and isoflavone intake were additional factors.
Association exists between intake of various nutrients and psychological health independent of other confounding factors in the elderly population. A follow-up study of this cohort or interventional studies are needed to elucidate cause effect relationship.
已观察到营养与认知障碍以及营养与抑郁症之间的关联。老年人存在营养不足的风险，同时认知障碍和抑郁症的患病率也较高。
在调整混杂因素的情况下，研究老年人营养摄入与心理健康之间的关系。
3999名65岁及以上居住在社区的男性和女性，三个年龄组人数大致相等：65 - 69岁、70 - 74岁、75岁及以上。
使用7天食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。通过痴呆社区筛查工具（CSID）的认知部分评估认知功能。使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）评估抑郁症。还收集了混杂因素的信息：人口统计学、教育水平、社会经济地位、病史、吸烟、饮酒和身体活动。进行逻辑回归分析以研究生活方式和饮食变量与CSID和GDS之间的关联，并控制混杂因素。
CSID和GDS评分均与合并症、人口统计学和社会经济因素相关。未观察到生活方式因素与CSID评分之间有明显关联。与GDS评分呈负相关的饮食因素包括总脂肪摄入量、维生素A、B2、B3、C、纤维和蔬菜。就营养密度而言，铁和异黄酮摄入量是另外的影响因素。
在老年人群中，各种营养素的摄入量与心理健康之间存在关联，且独立于其他混杂因素。需要对该队列进行随访研究或干预研究以阐明因果关系。
