吸烟和牙周治疗对已确诊牙周炎患者唾液成分的影响。

The effect of smoking and periodontal treatment on salivary composition in patients with established periodontitis.

作者信息

Zuabi O, Machtei E E, Ben-Aryeh H, Ardekian L, Peled M, Laufer D

机构信息

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.

出版信息

J Periodontol. 1999 Oct;70(10):1240-6. doi: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.10.1240.

DOI:10.1902/jop.1999.70.10.1240

PMID:10534080

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on the periodontal status and the salivary composition in subjects with established periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy.

METHODS

Our study group included 26 healthy subjects, 12 smokers and 14 non-smokers with established periodontitis. Clinical measurements and non-stimulated whole saliva were obtained and analyzed at baseline and after scaling and root planing. Smokers presented at baseline with significantly greater probing depth (4.16+/-0.26) compared to non-smokers (3.52+/-0.32) which was statistically significant (P = 0.0268); likewise, baseline clinical attachment level was greater in smokers (4.49+/-0.31 compared to non-smokers 3.87+/-0.13; P = 0.0620). Mean plaque index was also greater in smokers compared to non-smokers (0.86 and 0.65, respectively; P = 0.0834). Baseline pretreatment sodium values were significantly greater in non-smokers (14.36 mEq/l compared to 9.31 mEq/l in smokers; P = 0.0662); likewise non-smokers exhibited 50% greater salivary calcium levels (6.04 mg/100 ml compared to 4.32 mg/100 ml in smokers; P = 0.0133).

RESULTS

Post-treatment probing depth and clinical attachment level were not different between smokers and non-smokers; this in spite of significant difference in plaque index in smokers (0.35 compared to 0.13 in non-smokers; P = 0.0135). Post-treatment, smokers had reduced calcium concentration (3.58 mg/100 ml compared to 5.11 mg/100 ml in non-smokers; P = 0.0438). Treatment affected albumin level in smokers only, consequently non-smokers had significantly greater salivary albumin concentration (1.1 mg/100 ml compared to 0.38 mg/100 ml in smokers; P = 0.0274).

CONCLUSIONS

Subjects with established periodontitis exhibited elevated concentrations of salivary electrolytes and proteins. Within this study group, smokers exhibited greater disease level but reduced sodium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations. Smokers responded favorably to treatment. The clinical improvement eliminated the differences in salivary composition.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在评估吸烟对已确诊牙周炎患者在牙周治疗前后牙周状况和唾液成分的影响。

方法

我们的研究组包括26名健康受试者、12名吸烟者和14名已确诊牙周炎的非吸烟者。在基线时以及龈下刮治和根面平整后，获取并分析临床测量数据和非刺激性全唾液。吸烟者在基线时的探诊深度（4.16±0.26）显著大于非吸烟者（3.52±0.32），具有统计学意义（P = 0.0268）；同样，吸烟者的基线临床附着水平更高（4.49±0.31，而非吸烟者为3.87±0.13；P = 0.0620）。吸烟者的平均菌斑指数也高于非吸烟者（分别为0.86和0.65；P = 0.0834）。非吸烟者的基线预处理钠值显著更高（14.36 mEq/l，而吸烟者为9.31 mEq/l；P = 0.0662）；同样，非吸烟者的唾液钙水平高出50%（6.04 mg/100 ml，而吸烟者为4.32 mg/100 ml；P = 0.0133）。

结果

治疗后，吸烟者和非吸烟者的探诊深度和临床附着水平没有差异；尽管吸烟者的菌斑指数存在显著差异（0.35，而非吸烟者为0.13；P = 0.0135）。治疗后，吸烟者的钙浓度降低（3.58 mg/100 ml，而非吸烟者为5.11 mg/100 ml；P = 0.0438）。治疗仅影响吸烟者的白蛋白水平，因此非吸烟者的唾液白蛋白浓度显著更高（1.1 mg/100 ml，而吸烟者为0.38 mg/100 ml；P = 0.0274）。