Räisänen L, Könönen M, Juhanoja J, Varpavaara P, Hautaniemi J, Kivilahti J, Hormia M
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
J Biomed Mater Res. 2000 Jan;49(1):79-87. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(200001)49:1<79::aid-jbm10>3.0.co;2-n.
Clinical studies indicate that soft tissue responses around dental implants vary, depending on the material used. It is therefore also possible that there are differences in how epithelial cells attach to various biomaterial surfaces. We studied the adhesion of cultured epithelial cells to five different dental material surfaces and to glass. The efficacy of adhesion was evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) with antibodies to vinculin and alpha(6)beta(4) integrin, two cell surface molecules that are functional in epithelial cell adhesion. Our results indicate that epithelial cells adhere and spread more avidly on metallic surfaces (titanium, Ti(6)Al(4)V titanium alloy, dental gold alloy) than on ceramic surfaces (dental porcelain, aluminum oxide). As revealed by SEM, cells on metallic surfaces had a flattened morphology and formed multicellular islands. On porcelain and aluminum oxide most cells were round and adhesion occurred as single cells. Surface coverage was over twofold on metallic surfaces as compared to ceramic surfaces. IF of cells grown on metallic surfaces revealed vinculin in well-organized focal contacts and alpha(6)beta(4) integrin in punctate patterns typical of prehemidesmosomes. On porcelain and aluminum oxide surfaces the cells were mostly round and showed less well-organized adhesion complexes. Our results indicate that smooth metallic biomaterial surfaces are optimal for epithelial cell adhesion and spreading. These findings may have clinical implications in the design of transgingival implant structures.
临床研究表明，牙种植体周围的软组织反应各不相同，这取决于所使用的材料。因此，上皮细胞附着于各种生物材料表面的方式也可能存在差异。我们研究了培养的上皮细胞对五种不同牙科材料表面以及玻璃的黏附情况。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和免疫荧光显微镜（IF），使用针对纽蛋白和α(6)β(4)整合素的抗体来评估黏附效果，这两种细胞表面分子在上皮细胞黏附中发挥作用。我们的结果表明，上皮细胞在金属表面（钛、Ti(6)Al(4)V钛合金、牙科金合金）上比在陶瓷表面（牙科瓷、氧化铝）上更易于黏附并铺展。如SEM所示，金属表面的细胞呈扁平形态并形成多细胞岛。在瓷和氧化铝表面，大多数细胞呈圆形，以单个细胞的形式发生黏附。与陶瓷表面相比，金属表面的表面覆盖率高出两倍多。在金属表面生长的细胞的IF显示，纽蛋白存在于组织良好的黏着斑中，α(6)β(4)整合素呈点状分布，这是前半桥粒的典型特征。在瓷和氧化铝表面，细胞大多呈圆形，黏附复合物的组织程度较低。我们的结果表明，光滑的金属生物材料表面最适合上皮细胞的黏附和铺展。这些发现可能对龈上种植体结构的设计具有临床意义。
