van der Wal M F, de Jonge G A, Pauw-Plomp H
Afd. Epidemiologie, Documentatie en Gezondheidsbevordering, GG&GD, Amsterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Oct 23;143(43):2141-6.
To examine whether ethnic origin is related to care giving styles relevant to sudden infant death.
Prospective/retrospective, descriptive.
In six child health care centres in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, data about sleep position, bedclothes and passive smoking of infants aged 1-5 months were collected by face-to-face interviews of mothers visiting these centres between February 1997 and October 1998.
Eligible for the study were 1815 infants, 919 boys and 896 girls, mean age 2 months. In Amsterdam 12.5% of infants were usually or sometimes put to sleep in a prone position, 31.0% usually or now and then in a side position (but not in a prone position) and 56.5% usually in a supine position. Prone sleeping position was more frequent among Surinamese infants and less frequent among Moroccan infants compared with Dutch infants. Overall use of a duvet among infants was 22.7%. Use of duvets was higher among allochtonous infants; after controlling for demographic factors this difference was not significant, however. 6.3% of the infants had slept in the previous night with a pillow. Use of a pillow was much more frequent among allochtonous than among autochtonous infants: 13% versus 1.2%. Maternal daily smoking during pregnancy and daily smoking by mothers or others at home at time of interview was found in 15.1% and 25.8% of the infants respectively. Almost no Moroccan mothers smoked during pregnancy (0.4%), while Turkish mothers smoked as much as Dutch mothers (18.5% and 21.6% respectively). No differences in daily smoking at home were found between Surinamese, Moroccan and Dutch families (circa 26%). However, daily smoking at home was much more frequent in Turkish families (43.8%).
Health education about a safe sleeping position, about safe bedclothes and about the dangers of passive smoking is still needed. Education programmes to prevent sudden infant death must take into account ethnic differences in care giving styles. Special attention must be paid to the use of a pillow among allochtonous infants.
研究种族起源是否与婴儿猝死相关的护理方式有关。
前瞻性/回顾性、描述性研究。
在荷兰阿姆斯特丹的六个儿童保健中心，通过对1997年2月至1998年10月期间前来这些中心就诊的母亲进行面对面访谈，收集了1至5个月大婴儿的睡眠姿势、床上用品和被动吸烟的数据。
符合研究条件的婴儿有1815名，其中男孩919名，女孩896名，平均年龄2个月。在阿姆斯特丹，12.5%的婴儿通常或有时俯卧睡觉，31.0%的婴儿通常或偶尔侧卧睡觉（但不是俯卧），56.5%的婴儿通常仰卧睡觉。与荷兰婴儿相比，苏里南婴儿俯卧睡觉的频率更高，摩洛哥婴儿则更低。婴儿总体使用羽绒被的比例为22.7%。外来婴儿使用羽绒被的比例更高；然而，在控制了人口统计学因素后，这种差异并不显著。6.3%的婴儿前一晚睡觉时使用了枕头。外来婴儿使用枕头的频率远高于本地婴儿：分别为13%和1.2%。在接受访谈时，分别有15.1%和25.8%的婴儿母亲在孕期每天吸烟，以及母亲或家中其他人每天吸烟。几乎没有摩洛哥母亲在孕期吸烟（0.4%），而土耳其母亲吸烟的比例与荷兰母亲相当（分别为18.5%和21.6%）。苏里南、摩洛哥和荷兰家庭在家中每天吸烟的情况没有差异（约26%）。然而，土耳其家庭在家中每天吸烟的频率要高得多（43.8%）。
仍需要开展关于安全睡眠姿势、安全床上用品以及被动吸烟危害的健康教育。预防婴儿猝死的教育项目必须考虑到护理方式上的种族差异。必须特别关注外来婴儿使用枕头的情况。
