Stenfors L E
Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1999 Oct 5;49 Suppl 1:S223-6. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5876(99)00164-0.
The role of the non-specific (mucociliary clearance, mucus, lactoferrin, lysozyme, fibronectin, lactoperoxidase, complement, phagocytosis) and specific (immunoglobulins) immune systems in combating bacterial pathogens invading the middle ear cavity is discussed. The non-specific system is present from birth, acts promptly against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, has no memory, and is present for life. In contrast, immunoglobulins act specifically. Secretory IgA antibody prevents bacteria from attaching to the epithelium, has no pro-inflammatory effect and does not activate complement. IgG antibodies can opsonize the bacteria for phagocytosis and eventually prevent the bacteria from penetrating the epithelium. IgG is pro-inflammatory and can activate a complement cascade.
本文讨论了非特异性（黏液纤毛清除、黏液、乳铁蛋白、溶菌酶、纤连蛋白、乳过氧化物酶、补体、吞噬作用）和特异性（免疫球蛋白）免疫系统在对抗侵入中耳腔的细菌病原体中的作用。非特异性系统从出生就存在，能迅速对抗多种微生物，无记忆功能，且终身存在。相比之下，免疫球蛋白具有特异性作用。分泌型 IgA 抗体可防止细菌附着于上皮细胞，无促炎作用且不激活补体。IgG 抗体可调理细菌以便吞噬，并最终防止细菌穿透上皮细胞。IgG 具有促炎作用，可激活补体级联反应。
