Gold J M, Queern C, Iannone V N, Buchanan R W
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland at Baltimore, 21228, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Dec;156(12):1944-50. doi: 10.1176/ajp.156.12.1944.
Cognitive impairment is an important feature of schizophrenia and is correlated with functional outcome. However, psychiatry lacks a screening instrument that can reliably assess the types of cognitive impairment often seen in schizophrenia. The authors assessed the sensitivity, convergent validity, and reliability of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) as well as the relationship of the RBANS to symptoms and employment status. This newly published test takes 25 minutes to administer and was standardized on a U.S.-Census-matched adult population. The test provides a total score and five index scores, each with a mean value of 100 (SD = 15).
RBANS data were obtained from 129 patients with schizophrenia in the outpatient and inpatient programs of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. RBANS data were correlated with WAIS-III and Wechsler Memory Scale, 3rd ed. performance in 38 patients. Reliability data for alternate forms of the RBANS were obtained from 53 patients; symptom ratings were obtained from 48 patients; and employment status was examined in 77 patients.
The patients with schizophrenia demonstrated marked impairment on the RBANS (their mean total score was 71.4). The patients' index scores suggested that they had relatively less impairment of language and visual functions than of memory and attention. The RBANS demonstrated high correlations with full-scale IQ and memory measures. The total score demonstrated good reliability. RBANS performance minimally correlated with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ratings but was strongly related to employment outcome.
The RBANS appears to be a useful cognitive screening instrument in schizophrenia. The instrument may be a useful prognostic indicator and offers a means of assessing cognitive status.
认知障碍是精神分裂症的一个重要特征，且与功能预后相关。然而，精神病学领域缺乏一种能够可靠评估精神分裂症中常见认知障碍类型的筛查工具。作者评估了可重复神经心理状态评估量表（RBANS）的敏感性、收敛效度和信度，以及RBANS与症状和就业状况的关系。这个新发布的测试需要25分钟来实施，并在美国人口普查匹配的成年人群中进行了标准化。该测试提供一个总分和五个指数分数，每个分数的平均值为100（标准差=15）。
从马里兰精神病研究中心门诊和住院项目的129例精神分裂症患者中获取RBANS数据。将38例患者的RBANS数据与韦氏成人智力量表第三版（WAIS-III）和韦氏记忆量表第三版的表现进行相关性分析。从53例患者中获取RBANS替代形式的信度数据；从48例患者中获取症状评分；并对77例患者的就业状况进行了检查。
精神分裂症患者在RBANS上表现出明显损害（他们的平均总分是71.4）。患者的指数分数表明，与记忆和注意力相比，他们的语言和视觉功能损害相对较小。RBANS与全量表智商和记忆测量显示出高度相关性。总分显示出良好的信度。RBANS表现与简明精神病评定量表评分的相关性最小，但与就业结果密切相关。
RBANS似乎是一种用于精神分裂症的有用的认知筛查工具。该工具可能是一个有用的预后指标，并提供了一种评估认知状态的方法。
