Ekstrand K R, Kuzmina I N, Kuzmina E, Christiansen M E
Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Caries Res. 2000 Jan-Feb;34(1):8-19. doi: 10.1159/000016564.
This study examined the 2.5-year outcome of preventive programs - based on the Nexö method - offered to three groups of children from Solntsevsky, a district of Moscow. Study group A consisted of 45 3-year-olds, study group B of 50 6-year-olds, and study group C of 50 11-year-olds. A similar number of children were selected as control groups and they followed the normal dental service provided by the local Health Service System in the district. The caries-preventive programs offered to the study groups were based on: (1) education of the child, parents and teachers in the caries disease, (2) training in toothbrushing. In addition, the children in study groups B and C were offered professional plaque removal, applications of sodium fluoride (2%) and sealant applications according to individual needs. The children in groups B and C were clinically examined in March 1994 (baseline) after 1 and 2.5 years, respectively. Because of the age of the children in group A, these children were only examined once, after the study had been completed. After 2.5 years the children in all three study groups had improved their oral health status significantly compared to the children in the control group. The caries experience among the children in study group A was about half of that observed among children in the control group (4.91 def-s versus 8.60 def-s). The program was highly effective in controlling dental caries in the permanent dentition among the children in the study groups, who finished with a mean DMF-S of 0.28 (group B) and 3.12 (group C) compared to 2.24 and 6.35 among the children in the corresponding control groups. Nearly all the children used fluoridated toothpaste. The mean number of visits to the clinic decreased from year 1 to year 2 (5 versus 3.4 in study group B and 4.5 versus 3.3 in study group C). In conclusion, the preventive programs were highly effective with regard to improving the level of oral hygiene, and thereby reducing or even controlling the plaque-induced disease activity.
本研究调查了基于内克索方法为来自莫斯科索恩采夫斯基区的三组儿童提供的预防项目的2.5年效果。研究组A由45名3岁儿童组成，研究组B由50名6岁儿童组成，研究组C由50名11岁儿童组成。选取了数量相近的儿童作为对照组，他们接受该地区当地卫生服务系统提供的常规牙科服务。提供给研究组的龋齿预防项目基于：（1）对儿童、家长和教师进行龋齿疾病教育；（2）刷牙培训。此外，根据个人需求，为研究组B和C的儿童提供专业的牙菌斑清除、2%氟化钠涂抹和窝沟封闭。研究组B和C的儿童分别在1994年3月（基线）、1年后和2.5年后接受临床检查。由于研究组A中儿童的年龄原因，这些儿童在研究结束后只接受了一次检查。2.5年后，与对照组儿童相比，所有三个研究组的儿童口腔健康状况均有显著改善。研究组A中儿童的龋齿经历约为对照组儿童的一半（4.91颗龋齿缺损当量对8.60颗龋齿缺损当量）。该项目在控制研究组儿童恒牙龋齿方面非常有效，研究组儿童最终的平均龋失补牙面数（DMF-S）为0.28（B组）和3.12（C组），而相应对照组儿童为2.24和6.35。几乎所有儿童都使用含氟牙膏。从第1年到第2年，诊所就诊的平均次数减少（研究组B中从5次降至3.4次，研究组C中从4.5次降至3.3次）。总之，预防项目在提高口腔卫生水平方面非常有效，从而减少甚至控制了牙菌斑引发的疾病活动。
