Pribesh S, Downey D B
Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Demography. 1999 Nov;36(4):521-34.
Most research on residential mobility has documented a clear pattern: Residential and school moves are associated with poor academic performance. Explanations for this relationship, however, remain speculative. Some researchers argue that moving affects social relationships that are important to academic achievement. But the association between moving and school performance may be spurious; the negative correlation may be a function of other characteristics of people who move often. We offer several conceptual and analytical refinements to these ideas, allowing us to produce more precise tests than past researchers. Using longitudinal data, we find that differences in achievement between movers and nonmovers are partially a result of declines in social relationships experienced by students who move. Most of the negative effect of moving, however, is due to preexisting differences between the two groups.
居住地和学校的变动与学业成绩不佳有关。然而，这种关系的解释仍具有推测性。一些研究人员认为，搬家会影响对学业成就至关重要的社会关系。但搬家与学校表现之间的关联可能是虚假的；这种负相关可能是经常搬家的人的其他特征所导致的。我们对这些观点进行了一些概念和分析上的细化，使我们能够进行比以往研究人员更精确的测试。利用纵向数据，我们发现搬家者和未搬家者在成绩上的差异部分是由于搬家学生所经历的社会关系下降所致。然而，搬家的大部分负面影响是由于两组人之间先前就存在的差异。
