Gardner F E, Sonuga-Barke E J, Sayal K
University of Oxford, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999 Nov;40(8):1185-96.
Research on the role of parenting styles in the development of disruptive behaviour problems has focused primarily on how parents handle conflict once it has occurred. This home observational study examined strategies used by 52 mothers to prevent conflict with 3-year-olds. It was predicted that mothers of children with behaviour problems would use fewer "positive" strategies to resolve conflict, and would use reactive rather than pre-emptive strategies. Results showed frequency of positive strategies did not differ between the groups. Mothers of children with behaviour problems were less likely to use pre-emptive, and more likely to use reactive, strategies. Further analysis showed child conduct problems, rather than other characteristics, best discriminated pre-emptive from reactive strategy users. Follow-up of a subsample found that reactive strategies at age 3 predicted age 5 behaviour problems, even after controlling for age 3 behaviour problems.
关于养育方式在破坏性行为问题发展中的作用的研究主要集中在父母一旦冲突发生后如何处理冲突。这项家庭观察研究考察了52位母亲用来预防与3岁孩子发生冲突的策略。研究预测，有行为问题孩子的母亲会较少使用“积极”策略来解决冲突，并且会使用反应性而非预防性策略。结果显示，两组之间积极策略的使用频率没有差异。有行为问题孩子的母亲较少可能使用预防性策略，而更可能使用反应性策略。进一步分析表明，是孩子的行为问题，而非其他特征，最能区分使用预防性策略和反应性策略的母亲。对一个子样本的随访发现，即使在控制了3岁时的行为问题之后，3岁时的反应性策略仍能预测5岁时的行为问题。
