Coventry K R, Constable B
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK.
Addiction. 1999 Mar;94(3):425-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94342512.x.
To examine changes in physiological arousal, as indexed by heart rate, during fruit machine gambling while controlling for the confounding effect of movement and as a function of winning and losing, and to examine relationships between sensation-seeking, self-reported arousal during gambling, heart rate during gambling and frequency of gambling. SAMPLE, DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: Heart rate and subjective arousal were recorded in a sample of 32 female fruit machine players before, during and after the gambling process. At baseline measures were taken of sensation-seeking, self-reported arousal during gambling and frequency of gambling. A simulation of the behaviour used to operate fruit machines was used during baseline measurement.
Significant increases in heart-rate over movement controlled baselines were observed within participants during gambling, but only in those who won during play. No correlations between HR levels and subjective arousal were found. However, striking negative correlations between sensation-seeking and frequency of gambling, and between subjective arousal and frequency were present.
Gambling alone is not enough to induce increases in HR levels for female fruit machine gamblers; the experience of winning or the anticipation of that experience is necessary to increase HR levels. In addition sensation-seeking appears to be negatively associated with this kind of gambling behaviour.
在控制运动的混杂效应的情况下，研究玩老虎机赌博期间以心率为指标的生理唤醒变化，并探究其与输赢的关系，同时研究冒险倾向、赌博期间自我报告的唤醒程度、赌博期间的心率以及赌博频率之间的关系。样本、设计与测量：记录了32名女性老虎机玩家在赌博过程之前、期间和之后的心率及主观唤醒程度。在基线时测量了冒险倾向、赌博期间自我报告的唤醒程度以及赌博频率。在基线测量期间使用了模拟操作老虎机的行为。
在赌博期间，参与者中观察到与运动控制基线相比心率显著增加，但仅在游戏中获胜的参与者中出现这种情况。未发现心率水平与主观唤醒之间存在相关性。然而，冒险倾向与赌博频率之间以及主观唤醒与频率之间存在显著的负相关。
对于女性老虎机赌徒而言，仅赌博不足以导致心率水平升高；获胜的体验或对该体验的预期对于提高心率水平是必要的。此外，冒险倾向似乎与这种赌博行为呈负相关。
