Brennan M, Strebel P, George H, Yih W K, Tachdjian R, Lett S M, Cassiday P, Sanden G, Wharton M
Child Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, National Immunization Program, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2000 Jan;181(1):210-5. doi: 10.1086/315192.
In 1996, 18 of 20 pertussis outbreaks reported in Massachusetts occurred in schools. Pertussis surveillance data were reviewed and a retrospective cohort study was conducted in a high school that experienced an outbreak. Bordetella pertussis isolates from 9 school cases and from 58 cases statewide were examined by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Statewide incidence rates were highest among children aged <1 year, 10-14 years, and 15-19 years (106, 117, and 104 cases per 100,000, respectively). Among 34 confirmed and 20 probable cases at the school, 61% had cough onset within 8 weeks of school opening. Five different PFGE types were identified among the 58 B. pertussis isolates from throughout the state. All 9 isolates from the affected high school were the same PFGE type. School-aged children may play an important role in pertussis epidemics. Consideration should be given to use of acellular pertussis vaccines among school-aged children.
1996年，马萨诸塞州报告的20起百日咳疫情中有18起发生在学校。对百日咳监测数据进行了审查，并在一所爆发疫情的高中开展了一项回顾性队列研究。使用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）对来自9例学校病例和全州58例病例的百日咳博德特氏菌分离株进行了检测。全州发病率在<1岁、10 - 14岁和15 - 19岁儿童中最高（分别为每10万人106例、117例和104例）。在该校34例确诊病例和20例疑似病例中，61%在开学后8周内出现咳嗽症状。在全州58株百日咳博德特氏菌分离株中鉴定出5种不同的PFGE型。受影响高中的所有9株分离株均为同一PFGE型。学龄儿童可能在百日咳流行中起重要作用。应考虑在学龄儿童中使用无细胞百日咳疫苗。
