Janicak C A
Department of Health Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal 61790-5220, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 1999 Dec;41(12):1140-5. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199912000-00020.
Studies indicate that persons employed in various retail occupations such as convenience stores and restaurants experience an increased risk for being a victim of an occupational homicide. A large proportion of workers aged 19 and under are employed in these types of occupations. The purpose of this study was to determine if the workers from this age group employed in retail trades have a significantly greater risk for being a victim of a homicide. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries were analyzed in this study. The cases included in this study were victims of an occupational homicide that occurred during the period of 1992 to 1996. Proportionate mortality ratios were used to identify the industries in which workers aged 19 and under were experiencing significantly higher proportion of fatalities. Relative risks were calculated to determine if, based on the number of person-years of exposure, workers aged 19 and under in retail trades were experiencing a significantly greater relative risk for being a victim of an occupational homicide. Results indicate that workers aged 19 and under experience a significantly greater proportion of fatalities due to violence in the retail trade. Workers 19 years and under employed in retail trade occupations do experience a significantly greater proportion of fatalities than their counterparts in other industries. Prevention strategies presented include providing employee training and implementing various security measures.
研究表明，从事各种零售职业（如便利店和餐馆）的人成为职业杀人案受害者的风险会增加。很大一部分19岁及以下的工人受雇于这类职业。本研究的目的是确定这个年龄段受雇于零售业的工人成为杀人案受害者的风险是否显著更高。本研究分析了美国劳工统计局致命职业伤害普查的数据。本研究纳入的案例是1992年至1996年期间发生的职业杀人案受害者。比例死亡率用于确定19岁及以下工人死亡率显著较高的行业。计算相对风险，以确定基于暴露人年数，零售业19岁及以下的工人成为职业杀人案受害者的相对风险是否显著更高。结果表明，19岁及以下的工人在零售业因暴力导致的死亡比例显著更高。受雇于零售贸易职业的19岁及以下工人的死亡比例确实比其他行业的同行显著更高。提出的预防策略包括提供员工培训和实施各种安全措施。
