Jenkins E L
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA.
J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972). 1996 May-Jul;51(3):118-9, 122.
To examine the nature and magnitude of violence against women in the workplace.
Data from the National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities surveillance system were analyzed for the 13-year period, 1980 to 1992. Employment information was coded from industry and occupation narratives taken from the death certificates. Rates were calculated using annual average employment data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
From 1980 to 1992, 2,001 women and 7,935 men were victims of work-related homicides, for rates of 0.32 and 1.01 per 100,000 female and male workers, respectively. The majority of female homicide victims were employed in two industries-retail trade (46%) and services (22%). The highest risk industry was grocery stores (1.74 per 100,000 workers), followed by eating and drinking establishments, hotels and motels, and justice and public order.
The findings presented here are consistent with previous research indicating that homicide is the leading cause of occupational injury death for women, but that women are at lower risk than their male counterparts. Homicide played a major role in sales and service, sectors that have increased over the last several decades and in which future growth is predicted. Feasible and effective prevention strategies to reduce the risk of work-related homicides must be developed and implemented.
研究职场中针对女性暴力行为的性质和严重程度。
对1980年至1992年这13年期间国家创伤职业死亡监测系统的数据进行分析。就业信息根据死亡证明中的行业和职业描述进行编码。比率使用劳工统计局公布的年平均就业数据计算得出。
1980年至1992年期间，2001名女性和7935名男性成为与工作相关的杀人案受害者，女性和男性工人的比率分别为每10万人0.32人和1.01人。大多数女性杀人案受害者受雇于两个行业——零售业（46%）和服务业（22%）。风险最高的行业是杂货店（每10万名工人中有1.74人），其次是饮食场所、酒店和汽车旅馆以及司法和公共秩序行业。
此处呈现的研究结果与先前的研究一致，表明杀人是女性职业伤害死亡的主要原因，但女性的风险低于男性同行。杀人案在销售和服务行业中起主要作用，这些行业在过去几十年中有所增长，预计未来还会增长。必须制定并实施可行且有效的预防策略，以降低与工作相关的杀人案风险。
