Disorders in somesthesis following lesions of parietal lobe.

1. We determined the effects of lesions of the parietal lobe on the capacities of monkeys to detect and discriminate between mechanical sinusoids delivered to the hand. Tests of discrimination measured the capacity to discriminate between frequencies of flutter (24--36 Hz) and the capacity to make gross discriminations of frequency of flutter-vibration over the range of 10--50 Hz. 2. A unilateral removal of the parietal lobe impaired sensory capacities only on the contralateral hand; detection threshold was elevated, the capacity to discriminate between frequenceis of flutter was permanently lost, and the capacity to discriminate between and identify frequencies of 10--50 Hz was grossly impaired. No defects were found on the hand ipsilateral to the lesion. Detection thresholds, but not discrimination thresholds, decreased during postoperative testing, but in most cases did not recover to preoperative values. The impairments in frequency discrimination remained through the last day of postoperative testing. 3. A unilateral, subtotal parietal lesion that completely destroyed the primary and secondary somatic areas and Brodmann's area 5 resulted in the same sensory impairments as those produced by total removal of the parietal lobe. In most cases, detection threshold was elevated; flutter-frequency discrimination was lost, and the capacity to discriminate between frequencies of 10--50 Hz over the extended range of flutter and vibration was impaired. 4. The loss in discriminative capacity following lesions of the somatosensory cortex is interpreted as due to the absence of a cortical mechanism that determined differences in the temporal pattern of cyclically entrained activity in the somatic afferent pathway. This loss was dissociated from the remaining capacity, although impaired, to detect the presence of any neural activity in the afferent pathways or to determine gross differences in the frequency of mechanical sinusoids by a mechanism of coding by the labeled line.