Madsen K M, Gerstoft J, Kvinesdal B B, Nielsen H I, Møller A, Pedersen C, Obel N
Arhus Universitetshospital, Marselisborg Hospital, medicinsk epidemisk afdeling A.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1999 Nov 29;161(48):6619-21.
The study describes the use of postexposure antiretroviral prophylaxis (PEP) after occupational exposure to HIV in Denmark in the period 1/1 1997-31/12 1998. Forty-seven accidentally exposed persons received PEP in this period, of whom 14 were nurses, 13 physicians and 11 were not employed in the health care system. In 23 cases side effects to PEP were described. In 18 cases the index person was i.v. drug abuser and in 11 cases homosexual/bisexual men. In 18 cases the HIV status of the index person was unknown at the time of exposure. Ten of these index persons were subsequently tested and all found HIV-negative. It is concluded, that the frequency of occupational exposure to HIV is unacceptably high. Further it is emphasised that in cases where the HIV status of the index person is unknown, PEP should only be instituted if the index person is at risk of being HIV infected and has signs of HIV infection.
该研究描述了1997年1月1日至1998年12月31日期间丹麦职业暴露于艾滋病毒后使用暴露后抗逆转录病毒预防（PEP）的情况。在此期间，47名意外暴露者接受了PEP，其中14名是护士，13名是医生，11名未受雇于医疗保健系统。有23例描述了PEP的副作用。18例中暴露源为静脉吸毒者，11例中为同性恋/双性恋男性。18例中暴露时暴露源的艾滋病毒状况未知。随后对其中10名暴露源进行了检测，均发现艾滋病毒呈阴性。得出的结论是，职业暴露于艾滋病毒的频率高得令人无法接受。此外还强调，在暴露源的艾滋病毒状况未知的情况下，只有当暴露源有感染艾滋病毒的风险且有艾滋病毒感染迹象时，才应实施PEP。
