Nizeyi J B, Mwebe R, Nanteza A, Cranfield M R, Kalema G R, Graczyk T K
Department of Wildlife and Animal Resource Management, Makerere University, Kampala-Uganda.
J Parasitol. 1999 Dec;85(6):1084-8.
For conservation purposes and because of growing ecotourism, some mountain gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei) populations have been habituated to humans. Fecal specimens (n = 100) of nonhabituated and human-habituated gorillas (5 populations; 6 age classes) were tested for Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts and Giardia sp. cysts by conventional staining and immunofluorescent antibody (IFA). Cryptosporidium sp. infections (prevalence 11%) were not restricted to very young gorillas but were observed in 3-yr-old to >12-yr-old gorillas; most of the infections (73%) occurred in human-habituated gorillas. The prevalence of Giardia sp. infections was 2%; 1 nonhabituated gorilla was concomitantly infected. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. in the gorilla stools were morphologically, morphometrically, and immunologically undistinguishable from a bovine isolate of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Mean concentration of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts and Giardia sp. cysts in gorilla stools was 9.39x10(4)/g, and 2.49x10(4)/g, respectively. There was no apparent relationship between oocyst concentration and gorilla age, sex, or habituation status. Most Cryptosporidium sp. infections found in gorillas with closest proximity to people may be a result of the habituation process and ecotourism. This study constitutes the first report of Cryptosporidium sp. infections in the family Pongidae, in the free-ranging great apes, and in the species of gorilla.
出于保护目的以及由于生态旅游的不断发展，一些山地大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla beringei）种群已经习惯了与人类接触。对非习惯与人类接触和习惯与人类接触的大猩猩（5个种群；6个年龄组）的粪便样本（n = 100）进行了隐孢子虫属卵囊和贾第虫属包囊检测，采用传统染色和免疫荧光抗体（IFA）法。隐孢子虫属感染（患病率11%）并不局限于非常年幼的大猩猩，在3岁至12岁以上的大猩猩中也有发现；大多数感染（73%）发生在习惯与人类接触的大猩猩中。贾第虫属感染的患病率为2%；1只非习惯与人类接触的大猩猩同时受到感染。大猩猩粪便中的隐孢子虫属卵囊在形态、形态测量和免疫方面与牛源微小隐孢子虫卵囊无法区分。大猩猩粪便中隐孢子虫属卵囊和贾第虫属包囊的平均浓度分别为9.39x10(4)/克和2.49x10(4)/克。卵囊浓度与大猩猩的年龄、性别或习惯状态之间没有明显关系。在与人类距离最近的大猩猩中发现的大多数隐孢子虫属感染可能是习惯化过程和生态旅游的结果。本研究是关于猩猩科、野生大猩猩以及大猩猩物种中隐孢子虫属感染的首次报告。
