Roshani H, Dabhoiwala N F, Dijkhuis T, Kurth K H, Lamers W H
Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Urol. 2000 Feb;163(2):602-6.
Experiments were performed to quantify the duration and frequency of ureteric peristaltic activity in the laparotomized and non-laparotomized pig in its virgin and postinstrumented states.
Pigs (n = 10) in a steady state of hydration were studied under halothane anesthesia in two groups. The study was undertaken in two separate sessions at a week's interval. In group I laparotomy and vesicotomy were undertaken to obtain ELUS images. In group II, peristalsis was studied using an ELUS probe introduced through the working channel of a 22F rigid cystoscope. Peristalsis was visualized as a periodic diameter-change of ureter and recorded (for approx. 30 minutes) on videotape after an initial period of adaptation of approx. 30 minutes.
The ureter acts like a pump discharging urine into the bladder through peristaltic activity. ELUS imaging of ureteric peristalsis correlated well with "eyeballing" of the passage of peristalsis through a ureter (group I). The shortest peristaltic activity in group I was 6.0+/-2.0 seconds in the non-instrumented- and 5.1+/-1.4 seconds in the instrumented ureter. In group II it was 6.8+/-1.5 seconds in the non-instrumented- and 6.4+/-1.5 seconds in the instrumented ureter. Chronic dilatation of ureter led to decrease in peristalsis frequency. Interestingly, acute dilatation caused an increase in ureteric peristalsis frequency.
Ureteric peristalsis acts as a pump discharging urinary boluses (intraluminal fluid load) unidirectionally into the bladder. ELUS provides us an opportunity to quantify and study ureteric peristalsis.
进行实验以量化未开腹和开腹猪在未使用器械状态及使用器械后输尿管蠕动活动的持续时间和频率。
将10头处于水合稳定状态的猪在氟烷麻醉下分为两组进行研究。研究分两个独立阶段，间隔一周进行。第一组进行剖腹术和膀胱切开术以获取腔内超声（ELUS）图像。第二组使用通过22F硬性膀胱镜工作通道插入的ELUS探头研究蠕动情况。蠕动表现为输尿管直径的周期性变化，在约30分钟的初始适应期后，记录（约30分钟）在录像带上。
输尿管通过蠕动活动像泵一样将尿液排入膀胱。输尿管蠕动的腔内超声成像与通过输尿管的蠕动“肉眼观察”结果相关性良好（第一组）。第一组中，未使用器械的输尿管最短蠕动活动时间为6.0±2.0秒，使用器械后的输尿管为5.1±1.4秒。第二组中，未使用器械的输尿管最短蠕动活动时间为6.8±1.5秒，使用器械后的输尿管为6.4±1.5秒。输尿管慢性扩张导致蠕动频率降低。有趣的是，急性扩张会使输尿管蠕动频率增加。
输尿管蠕动像泵一样将尿团（管腔内液体负荷）单向排入膀胱。腔内超声为我们提供了量化和研究输尿管蠕动的机会。
