Levin H S, Song J, Scheibel R S, Fletcher J M, Harward H N, Chapman S B
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, TX, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2000 Feb;22(1):1-15. doi: 10.1076/1380-3395(200002)22:1;1-8;FT001.
To investigate judgment of the frequency and recency of events relative to word list recall in children following closed head injury (CHI), 124 children and adolescents, including 79 severe CHI patients (mean age at test = 13.2 years), 27 mild CHI cases (mean age at test = 12.1 years), and 18 uninjured comparison subjects (mean age = 12.8 years) were studied. The mean postinjury interval was 63.6 months for the severe and 46.7 months for the mild CHI groups. The experimental tasks included estimation of the frequency of presentation of words and designs and recency judgment to select the most recently presented of two stimuli on verbal (words) and nonverbal (faces) tasks. To compare frequency and recency judgments to performance on a task which has been shown to be sensitive to CHI severity and age at test, verbal recall was tested using the California Verbal Learning Test-Children's Version. Severity of CHI (group) affected verbal recall across trials and after delays, but had no effect on estimating frequency and isolated effects on judgment of recency. Age was also primarily related to verbal recall. A subgroup of severe CHI patients with frontal lesions was impaired on delayed recall. The results are discussed in relation to previous research on the effects of CHI on processing the frequency and recency of events.
为了研究闭合性颅脑损伤（CHI）患儿相对于单词列表回忆的事件频率和新近度判断，我们对124名儿童和青少年进行了研究，其中包括79名重度CHI患者（测试时平均年龄 = 13.2岁）、27名轻度CHI病例（测试时平均年龄 = 12.1岁）和18名未受伤的对照受试者（平均年龄 = 12.8岁）。重度CHI组的平均伤后间隔为63.6个月，轻度CHI组为46.7个月。实验任务包括估计单词和图案的呈现频率，以及在言语（单词）和非言语（面孔）任务中进行新近度判断，以选择两个刺激中最近呈现的那个。为了将频率和新近度判断与一项已被证明对CHI严重程度和测试时年龄敏感的任务的表现进行比较，我们使用加利福尼亚言语学习测试儿童版对言语回忆进行了测试。CHI的严重程度（组别）在各次试验及延迟后均影响言语回忆，但对频率估计没有影响，对新近度判断有单独影响。年龄也主要与言语回忆有关。一组患有额叶病变的重度CHI患者在延迟回忆方面受损。我们结合先前关于CHI对事件频率和新近度处理影响的研究对结果进行了讨论。
