Johnson L
Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1999 Nov;14(4):231-6. doi: 10.1016/S1096-2867(99)80016-4.
Pulmonary hypertension may complicate a variety of congenital or acquired cardiac and pulmonary conditions. This vascular disorder results from conditions that lead to a chronic increase in left atrial pressure, increased pulmonary blood flow, or increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Definitive diagnosis requires cardiac catheterization and detection of systolic and mean pulmonary artery pressures exceeding 30 and 20 mm Hg, respectively. Clinical signs and historical complaints reflect underlying cardiac or pulmonary conditions, although syncope may be a predominant finding. Radiographic changes are nonspecific; however, right ventricular enlargement and enlarged pulmonary arteries should increase suspicion for the disorder. Estimates of pulmonary arterial pressure may be obtained through Doppler echocardiography. This requires detection of a high-velocity regurgitant jet across the tricuspid or pulmonic valve. Further investigation is required to determine how pulmonary hypertension impacts therapy and prognosis for dogs and cats with cardiac and pulmonary diseases.
肺动脉高压可能使多种先天性或后天性心脏及肺部疾病复杂化。这种血管疾病是由导致左心房压力慢性升高、肺血流量增加或肺血管阻力增加的情况引起的。明确诊断需要进行心导管检查，并检测到收缩期和平均肺动脉压分别超过30和20毫米汞柱。临床体征和既往症状反映了潜在的心脏或肺部疾病，尽管晕厥可能是主要表现。影像学改变不具有特异性；然而，右心室增大和肺动脉增宽应增加对该疾病的怀疑。可通过多普勒超声心动图获得肺动脉压的估计值。这需要检测通过三尖瓣或肺动脉瓣的高速反流束。需要进一步研究以确定肺动脉高压如何影响患有心脏和肺部疾病的犬猫的治疗和预后。
