Rutala W A, Barbee S L, Aguiar N C, Sobsey M D, Weber D J
University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Department of Hospital Epidemiology, UNC Hospitals, 27599-7030, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2000 Jan;21(1):33-8. doi: 10.1086/501694.
To assess the efficacy of both natural products (vinegar, baking soda) and common commercial disinfectants (Vesphene IIse, TBQ, Clorox, Lysol Disinfectant Spray, Lysol Antibacterial Kitchen Cleaner, Mr. Clean Ultra, ethanol) designed for home or institutional use against potential human pathogens, including selected antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
A quantitative suspension test was used to assess the efficacy of selected disinfectants following exposure times of 30 seconds and 5 minutes. Activity was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Selected disinfectants were also tested against poliovirus, vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant Enterococcus species, and methicillin-susceptible and -resistant S. aureus.
The following compounds demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activity (>5.6-8.2 log10 reduction) at both exposure times: TBQ, Vesphene, Clorox, ethanol, and Lysol Antibacterial Kitchen Cleaner. Mr. Clean eliminated 4 to >6 logs10 and Lysol Disinfectant approximately 4 logs10 of pathogenic microorganisms at both exposure times. Vinegar eliminated <3 logs10 of S. aureus and E. coli, and baking soda <3 logs10 of all test pathogens. All tested chemical disinfectants completely inactivated both antibiotic-resistant and -susceptible bacteria at both exposure times. Only two disinfectants, Clorox and Lysol, demonstrated excellent activity (>3 log10 reduction) against poliovirus.
A variety of commercial household disinfectants were highly effective against potential bacterial pathogens. The natural products were less effective than commercial household disinfectants. Only Clorox and Lysol disinfectant were effective against poliovirus.
评估天然产品（醋、小苏打）以及家用或机构使用的常见商业消毒剂（Vesphene IIse、TBQ、高乐氏清洁剂、来苏尔消毒喷雾、来苏尔抗菌厨房清洁剂、汰渍全能清洁剂、乙醇）针对包括某些耐抗生素细菌在内的潜在人类病原体的功效。
采用定量悬液试验评估所选消毒剂在30秒和5分钟接触时间后的功效。针对金黄色葡萄球菌、猪霍乱沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7和铜绿假单胞菌评估其活性。所选消毒剂还针对脊髓灰质炎病毒、对万古霉素敏感和耐药的肠球菌属以及对甲氧西林敏感和耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌进行了测试。
以下化合物在两个接触时间均表现出优异的抗菌活性（对数减少>5.6 - 8.2 log10）：TBQ、Vesphene、高乐氏清洁剂、乙醇和来苏尔抗菌厨房清洁剂。汰渍全能清洁剂在两个接触时间均能消除4至>6 log10的致病微生物，来苏尔消毒喷雾约能消除4 log10的致病微生物。醋能消除<3 log10的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌，小苏打能消除<3 log10的所有测试病原体。所有测试的化学消毒剂在两个接触时间均能完全灭活耐抗生素和敏感细菌菌株。只有两种消毒剂——高乐氏清洁剂和来苏尔——对脊髓灰质炎病毒表现出优异活性（对数减少>3 log10）。
多种商业家用消毒剂对潜在细菌病原体高度有效。天然产品的效果不如商业家用消毒剂。只有高乐氏清洁剂和来苏尔消毒剂对脊髓灰质炎病毒有效。
