Altes T A, Cloft H J, Short J G, DeGast A, Do H M, Helm G A, Kallmes D F
Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health Services, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000 Feb;174(2):349-54. doi: 10.2214/ajr.174.2.1740349.
This study developed an animal model of intracranial aneurysms suitable for evaluating emerging endovascular devices for aneurysmal therapy. We characterized the short-, medium-, and long-term attributes of this endovascular technique for saccular aneurysmal creation in the rabbit.
The right common carotid artery was surgically exposed in nine New Zealand white rabbits. Using endovascular techniques, we occluded the origin of the right common carotid artery with a pliable balloon. Elastase was incubated endoluminally in the proximal common carotid artery above the balloon. The common carotid artery was ligated distally. Animals were studied angiographically and sacrificed at 2 weeks (n = 3), 10 weeks (n = 3), and 24 weeks (n = 3) after aneurysm creation. Histology was obtained.
Saccular aneurysms formed in eight of the nine rabbits. The aneurysm projected from the apex of an approximately 90 degree curve of the parent vessel, the brachiocephalic artery. Mean aneurysm diameter was 4.5 mm (SD, 1.2 mm), and mean height was 7.5 mm (SD, 1.6 mm). All samples showed thinned elastic lamina and no evidence of inflammation. In four of eight aneurysms, unorganized thrombus was present in the dome of the aneurysm.
Arterial aneurysms with intact endothelium and deficient elastic lamina were reliably created in an area of high shear stress in New Zealand white rabbits. Three of these aneurysms remained patent for at least 6 months. We found a simple procedure that can be readily applied to the testing of new endovascular devices for a reliable creation of aneurysms in rabbits.
本研究建立了一种适用于评估新兴血管内治疗动脉瘤装置的颅内动脉瘤动物模型。我们对该血管内技术在兔体内创建囊状动脉瘤的短期、中期和长期特征进行了描述。
对9只新西兰白兔进行手术暴露右侧颈总动脉。采用血管内技术，用可弯曲球囊闭塞右侧颈总动脉起始部。在球囊上方的近端颈总动脉腔内孵育弹性蛋白酶。在远端结扎颈总动脉。在动脉瘤形成后2周（n = 3）、10周（n = 3）和24周（n = 3）对动物进行血管造影研究并处死。获取组织学标本。
9只兔中有8只形成了囊状动脉瘤。动脉瘤从母血管头臂动脉约90度弯曲的顶端突出。平均动脉瘤直径为4.5 mm（标准差，1.2 mm），平均高度为7.5 mm（标准差，1.6 mm）。所有样本均显示弹性膜变薄，无炎症迹象。在8个动脉瘤中的4个，动脉瘤顶部存在无组织血栓。
在新西兰白兔高剪切应力区域可靠地创建了内皮完整且弹性膜缺乏的动脉动脉瘤。其中3个动脉瘤至少6个月保持通畅。我们发现了一种简单的方法，可轻易应用于测试新型血管内装置，以在兔体内可靠地创建动脉瘤。
