Lindahl G, Sjöbring U, Johnsson E
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2000 Feb;12(1):44-51. doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(99)00049-7.
The C3 convertases of the human complement system are controlled by fluid-phase and membrane proteins in the RCA (regulators of complement activation) family. Accumulated data show that many pathogenic microorganisms interact with these complement regulators. Recent advances in this field include determination of the crystal structure of the binding domains in the measles virus receptor CD46 and identification of a CD46 transgenic mouse line that is sensitive to measles virus. Moreover, recent findings support the hypothesis that pathogenic bacteria binding fluid-phase RCA proteins exploit these proteins to escape complement attack. These studies provide novel insight into the interplay between pathogens and the innate immune system and may have implications for the plans to use animals expressing an RCA protein for xenotransplantation.
人类补体系统的C3转化酶受补体激活调节因子（RCA）家族中的液相蛋白和膜蛋白控制。积累的数据表明，许多致病微生物会与这些补体调节因子相互作用。该领域的最新进展包括测定麻疹病毒受体CD46结合域的晶体结构，以及鉴定出对麻疹病毒敏感的CD46转基因小鼠品系。此外，最近的研究结果支持这样一种假说，即致病细菌结合液相RCA蛋白利用这些蛋白逃避补体攻击。这些研究为病原体与天然免疫系统之间的相互作用提供了新的见解，可能对使用表达RCA蛋白的动物进行异种移植的计划具有启示意义。
