Maglóczky Z, Wittner L, Borhegyi Z, Halász P, Vajda J, Czirják S, Freund T F
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 67, H-1450, Budapest, Hungary.
Neuroscience. 2000;96(1):7-25. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00474-1.
The distribution, size, dendritic morphology and synaptic connections of calbindin-, calretinin- and substance P receptor-positive interneurons and pathways have been examined in control and epileptic human dentate gyrus. In the epileptic dentate gyrus, calbindin-containing interneurons are preserved, but their dendrites become elongated and spiny, and several cell bodies appear hypertrophic. The relative laminar distribution of calretinin-containing cells did not change, but their number was considerably reduced. The calretinin-positive axonal bundle at the top of the granule cell layer originating from the supramammillary nucleus expanded, forming a dense network in the entire width of the stratum moleculare. Substance P receptor-immunopositive cells were partially lost in epileptic samples, and in addition, the laminar distribution and dendritic morphology of the surviving cells differed considerably from the controls. In the control human dentate gyrus, the majority of substance P receptor-positive cells can be seen in the hilus, while most are present in the stratum moleculare in the epileptic tissue. Their synaptic input is also changed. The extent of individual pathological abnormalities correlates with each other in most cases. Our data suggest, that although a large proportion of inhibitory interneurons are preserved in the epileptic human dentate gyrus, their distribution, morphology and synaptic connections differ from controls. These functional alterations of inhibitory circuits in the dentate gyrus are likely to be compensatory changes with a role to balance the enhanced excitatory input in the region.
在对照和癫痫患者的齿状回中，已对钙结合蛋白、钙视网膜蛋白和P物质受体阳性中间神经元及通路的分布、大小、树突形态和突触连接进行了研究。在癫痫性齿状回中，含钙结合蛋白的中间神经元得以保留，但其树突变得细长且有棘，一些细胞体出现肥大。含钙视网膜蛋白细胞的相对层状分布没有改变，但其数量显著减少。源自乳头体上核的颗粒细胞层顶部的钙视网膜蛋白阳性轴突束扩张，在分子层的整个宽度上形成一个密集网络。在癫痫样本中，P物质受体免疫阳性细胞部分丢失，此外，存活细胞的层状分布和树突形态与对照有很大差异。在对照人类齿状回中，大多数P物质受体阳性细胞可见于齿状回门区，而在癫痫组织中大多数存在于分子层。它们的突触输入也发生了变化。在大多数情况下，个体病理异常的程度相互关联。我们的数据表明，尽管癫痫患者齿状回中大部分抑制性中间神经元得以保留，但其分布、形态和突触连接与对照不同。齿状回中抑制性回路的这些功能改变可能是一种代偿性变化，其作用是平衡该区域增强的兴奋性输入。
