Eichholzer M, Bisig B
Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Berne, Switzerland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Feb;54(2):136-42. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600907.
The present study aimed to examine the frequency of daily meat and meat product consumption and the preference for red meat in Switzerland.
Cross-sectional Study.
Data were taken from the 1992/1993 Swiss Health Survey, which collected data on a random sample of persons aged 15 and over, living in Switzerland. The survey, which had a response rate of 71%, included 7930 male and 7358 female respondents. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were performed.
Daily consumption of meat or meat products (25%) and more frequent consumption of red than white meat (26% of meat eaters) were prevalent in Switzerland. Men, middle-aged persons, participants with a low level of education, persons living in the German or Francophone regions of Switzerland, those with Swiss nationality, smokers, overweight and obese people, those with daily alcohol consumption and physically inactive persons were found to consume daily meat or meat products more frequently. A preference for red meat rather than white meat was more often observed in men, young people, persons living in the German or Francophone regions of Switzerland, smokers and participants who consumed alcohol at least once daily.
The analysis of data from the 1992/1993 Swiss Health Survey shows that in specific subgroups of the Swiss population meat and meat product consumption is still more frequent than recommended, but crude comparisons with older and more recent studies indicate a decrease in meat consumption. The observed clustering of daily meat consumption with other risk factors underscores the necessity to include dietary recommendations in health programs addressing other unhealthy lifestyles. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) 54, 136-142
本研究旨在调查瑞士每日肉类及肉制品的消费频率以及对红肉的偏好情况。
横断面研究。
数据取自1992/1993年瑞士健康调查，该调查收集了居住在瑞士的15岁及以上随机抽样人群的数据。调查的应答率为71%，包括7930名男性和7358名女性应答者。进行了双变量分析以及控制社会人口学和生活方式因素的多变量逻辑回归分析。
在瑞士，每日食用肉类或肉制品的情况（占25%）以及红肉消费比白肉更频繁的情况（占肉食者的26%）较为普遍。研究发现，男性、中年人、低学历参与者、居住在瑞士德语区或法语区的人、具有瑞士国籍的人、吸烟者、超重和肥胖者、每日饮酒者以及缺乏身体活动者更频繁地每日食用肉类或肉制品。在男性、年轻人、居住在瑞士德语区或法语区的人、吸烟者以及至少每日饮酒一次的参与者中，更常观察到对红肉而非白肉的偏好。
对1992/1993年瑞士健康调查数据的分析表明，在瑞士特定亚人群中，肉类及肉制品的消费频率仍高于推荐水平，但与早期及近期研究的粗略比较表明肉类消费有所下降。观察到的每日肉类消费与其他风险因素的聚集情况强调了在针对其他不健康生活方式的健康项目中纳入饮食建议的必要性。《欧洲临床营养学杂志》（2000年）54卷，第136 - 142页
