Fikar C R, Koch S
New York College of Podiatric Medicine, NY 10035, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2000 Feb;39(2):71-80. doi: 10.1177/000992280003900201.
Current concepts in the pathophysiology and predisposing conditions of acute aortic dissection in children, adolescents, and young adults are presented. Timely diagnosis is required for this life-threatening condition. Most children and adolescents with aortic dissection have congenital cardiovascular anomalies. Certain heritable disorders involving connective tissue also predispose to this disorder. Newer associations include cocaine abuse and weight lifting. To facilitate early diagnosis, the salient physical findings of the known predisposing conditions are reviewed. Clinical presentation and diagnostic imaging of aortic dissection are briefly summarized. Physicians working in an acute care setting, particularly in the emergency room, should be aware of disorders predisposing to acute aortic dissection in the pediatric and young adult population. Practitioners conducting school or college preparticipation sports evaluations can make use of such information in their assessment of risk for sudden death.
本文介绍了儿童、青少年和年轻成人急性主动脉夹层病理生理学及诱发因素的当前概念。对于这种危及生命的疾病，需要及时诊断。大多数患有主动脉夹层的儿童和青少年有先天性心血管异常。某些涉及结缔组织的遗传性疾病也易患此病。新发现的相关因素包括可卡因滥用和举重。为便于早期诊断，本文回顾了已知诱发因素的显著体格检查结果。简要总结了主动脉夹层的临床表现和诊断影像学。在急性护理环境中工作的医生，尤其是在急诊室工作的医生，应了解儿科和年轻成人人群中易患急性主动脉夹层的疾病。进行学校或大学运动前评估的从业者可以在评估猝死风险时利用这些信息。
