Siminerio L M, Charron-Prochownik D, Banion C, Schreiner B
The Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Siminerio)
The School of Nursing and Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Charron Prochownik)
Diabetes Educ. 1999 Nov-Dec;25(6):895-906. doi: 10.1177/014572179902500607.
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of outpatient vs inpatient programs on medical, cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial outcomes.
Using three large, tertiary medical centers in the United States, the sample of 32 children newly diagnosed with diabetes and their parents were recruited. Children and parents who received outpatient education were compared with those who received inpatient education. The following outcome variables were compared: (1) rates of hospital readmissions and/or emergency room visits for either severe hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis, (2) knowledge, (3) sharing of responsibilities, (4) adherence, (5) family functioning, (6) coping, and (7) quality of life.
In general, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. A trend was noted in the outpatient group with regard to improved use of emergency precautions on the adherence measure, roles on the family functioning measure, maintaining family integration on the parental coping measure, and disposition on the children's coping instrument.
Findings support the safety and efficacy of the outpatient program method.
本研究旨在比较门诊项目与住院项目在医学、认知、行为及心理社会结局方面的疗效。
在美国的三个大型三级医疗中心，招募了32名新诊断为糖尿病的儿童及其父母作为样本。将接受门诊教育的儿童及其父母与接受住院教育的儿童及其父母进行比较。比较以下结局变量：（1）因严重低血糖或酮症酸中毒而再次入院和/或前往急诊室就诊的比率，（2）知识，（3）责任分担，（4）依从性，（5）家庭功能，（6）应对方式，以及（7）生活质量。
总体而言，两组之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。门诊组在依从性测量中紧急预防措施的使用改善、家庭功能测量中的角色、父母应对测量中的维持家庭整合以及儿童应对工具中的处置方面呈现出一种趋势。
研究结果支持门诊项目方法的安全性和有效性。
