Obase Y, Shimoda T, Mitsuta K, Matsuse H, Kohno S
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Jan;57(1):62-4. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.1.62.
To assess the efficacy of dust respirators in preventing asthma attacks in patients with occupational asthma (asthma induced by buckwheat flour or wheat flour).
The effect of the work environment was examined in two patients with occupational asthma with and without the use of a commercially available mask or a dust respirator. Pulmonary function tests were performed immediately before and after work and at 1 hourly intervals for 14 hours after returning to the hospital.
In patient 1, environmental exposure resulted in no symptoms during and immediately after work, but coughing, wheezing, and dyspnoea developed after 6 hours. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) decreased by 44% 7 hours after leaving the work environment, showing only a positive late asthmatic reaction (LAR). In patient 2, environmental exposure resulted in coughing and wheezing 10 minutes after initiation during bread making, and PEFR decreased by 39%. After 7 hours, PEFR decreased by 34%. The environmental provocation tests in both patients were repeated after wearing a commercial respiratory. This resulted in a complete suppression of LAR in patient 1 and of immediate asthmatic reaction (IAR) and LAR in patient 2.
Two patients with asthma induced by buckwheat flour or wheat flour in whom asthmatic attacks could be prevented with a dust respirator are reported. Dust respirators are effective in preventing asthma attacks induced by buckwheat flour and wheat flour.
评估防尘口罩对职业性哮喘(由荞麦粉或小麦粉诱发的哮喘)患者预防哮喘发作的疗效。
对两名职业性哮喘患者,在使用市售口罩或防尘口罩以及不使用的情况下,检测工作环境的影响。在工作前、工作后立即以及返回医院后每隔1小时进行14小时的肺功能测试。
在患者1中,工作期间及工作后立即接触环境未出现症状,但6小时后出现咳嗽、喘息和呼吸困难。离开工作环境7小时后,呼气峰值流速(PEFR)下降了44%,仅表现出阳性迟发性哮喘反应(LAR)。在患者2中,制作面包开始10分钟后接触环境导致咳嗽和喘息,PEFR下降了39%。7小时后,PEFR下降了34%。两名患者佩戴商用呼吸器后重复进行环境激发试验。这导致患者1的LAR完全被抑制,患者2的速发性哮喘反应(IAR)和LAR被抑制。
报告了两名由荞麦粉或小麦粉诱发哮喘的患者,使用防尘口罩可预防哮喘发作。防尘口罩对预防由荞麦粉和小麦粉诱发的哮喘发作有效。