Vanhanen M, Tuomi T, Tiikkainen U, Tupasela O, Voutilainen R, Nordman H
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Feb;57(2):121-5. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.2.121.
To assess the prevalence of enzyme sensitisation in the detergent industry.
A cross sectional study was conducted in a detergent factory. Sensitisation to enzymes was examined by skin prick and radioallergosorbent (RAST) tests. 76 Workers were tested; 40 in manufacturing, packing, and maintenance, and 36 non-exposed people in management and sales departments. The workers were interviewed for work related respiratory and skin symptoms. Total dust concentrations were measured by a gravimetric method, and the concentration of protease in air by a catalytic method.
Nine workers (22%) were sensitised to enzymes in the exposed group of 40, whereas none were sensitised in the non-exposed group. All the sensitised people had symptoms at work; all had rhinitis and one had asthma. Protease concentrations were generally < 20 ng/m3, but occasional peak values up to 80 ng/m3 were detected in the packing and maintenance tasks, and high values of > 1 microgram/m3 in the mixing area.
Despite the use of encapsulated enzyme preparations, high enzyme concentrations in workplace air are possible, resulting in a higher risk of sensitisation than expected.
评估洗涤剂行业中酶致敏的患病率。
在一家洗涤剂工厂进行了一项横断面研究。通过皮肤点刺试验和放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）检测对酶的致敏情况。对76名工人进行了检测，其中40名从事制造、包装和维修工作，36名在管理和销售部门的非暴露人员。对工人进行了与工作相关的呼吸道和皮肤症状的访谈。通过重量法测量总粉尘浓度，通过催化法测量空气中蛋白酶的浓度。
在40名暴露组工人中，有9名（22%）对酶致敏，而在非暴露组中无人致敏。所有致敏者在工作时均有症状，均患有鼻炎，1人患有哮喘。蛋白酶浓度一般<20 ng/m3，但在包装和维修任务中偶尔检测到高达80 ng/m3的峰值，在混合区域检测到>1微克/m3的高值。
尽管使用了包封酶制剂，但工作场所空气中仍可能存在高浓度的酶，导致致敏风险高于预期。
