Kinney A Y, Choi Y A, DeVellis B, Kobetz E, Millikan R C, Sandler R S
University of Utah, College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2000 Apr;18(3):249-52. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00162-2.
The present study examined colorectal cancer screening behaviors, risk perceptions, and willingness to receive genetic testing to determine colorectal cancer susceptibility.
We recruited 95 first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients, then conducted a brief telephone interview using a structured questionnaire that elicited information on sociodemographics, cancer screening behaviors, risk perceptions, and interest in genetic testing.
Among these high-risk individuals who were aged 40 years or older, only 31% reported fecal occult blood testing within the past year and 59% reported undergoing sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy within the past 5 years. The majority of participants believed their relative risk of colorectal cancer was increased (68%). Eighty-four percent of the participants indicated that they would have a genetic test if one were available. Participants who believed that <50% of colorectal cancers were caused by heredity were more likely to be interested in genetic testing than were participants who believed that 50% or more of colorectal cancers were caused by heredity. Referral source, sociodemographic factors, clinical factors, and perceived personal risk were not significantly associated with interest in genetic testing.
Our results suggest that the demand for colorectal cancer susceptibility testing may be high among individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer. We also observed that a substantial number of first-degree relatives were not adhering to colorectal cancer screening guidelines. Accurate information on the genetic aspects of colorectal cancer and the benefits and limitations of genetic testing may help relatives of colorectal cancer patients make informed decisions about whether to undergo enhanced screening and genetic testing.
本研究调查了结直肠癌筛查行为、风险认知以及接受基因检测以确定结直肠癌易感性的意愿。
我们招募了95名结直肠癌患者的一级亲属，然后使用结构化问卷进行简短的电话访谈，该问卷收集了有关社会人口统计学、癌症筛查行为、风险认知以及基因检测兴趣等方面的信息。
在这些年龄在40岁及以上的高危个体中，只有31%的人报告在过去一年中进行了粪便潜血检测，59%的人报告在过去5年中接受了乙状结肠镜检查或结肠镜检查。大多数参与者认为他们患结直肠癌的相对风险增加了（68%）。84%的参与者表示，如果有基因检测，他们会进行检测。认为结直肠癌由遗传因素引起的比例小于50%的参与者比认为结直肠癌由遗传因素引起的比例为50%或更高的参与者对基因检测更感兴趣。转诊来源、社会人口统计学因素、临床因素以及感知到的个人风险与基因检测兴趣之间无显著关联。
我们的结果表明，结直肠癌家族史个体对结直肠癌易感性检测的需求可能很高。我们还观察到，大量一级亲属未遵循结直肠癌筛查指南。关于结直肠癌遗传方面以及基因检测的益处和局限性的准确信息，可能有助于结直肠癌患者的亲属就是否接受强化筛查和基因检测做出明智决策。
