Stead W W, Miller R A, Musen M A, Hersh W R
Vanderbilt University, Eskind Biomedical Library, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8340, USA.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2000 Mar-Apr;7(2):135-45. doi: 10.1136/jamia.2000.0070135.
The vision of integrating information-from a variety of sources, into the way people work, to improve decisions and process-is one of the cornerstones of biomedical informatics. Thoughts on how this vision might be realized have evolved as improvements in information and communication technologies, together with discoveries in biomedical informatics, and have changed the art of the possible. This review identified three distinct generations of "integration" projects. First-generation projects create a database and use it for multiple purposes. Second-generation projects integrate by bringing information from various sources together through enterprise information architecture. Third-generation projects inter-relate disparate but accessible information sources to provide the appearance of integration. The review suggests that the ideas developed in the earlier generations have not been supplanted by ideas from subsequent generations. Instead, the ideas represent a continuum of progress along the three dimensions of workflow, structure, and extraction.
将来自各种来源的信息整合到人们的工作方式中，以改善决策和流程，这一愿景是生物医学信息学的基石之一。随着信息和通信技术的进步以及生物医学信息学的发现，关于如何实现这一愿景的想法不断演变，也改变了可能性的范畴。本综述确定了三代不同的“整合”项目。第一代项目创建一个数据库并将其用于多种目的。第二代项目通过企业信息架构将来自各种来源的信息整合在一起。第三代项目将不同但可访问的信息源相互关联，以呈现整合的表象。该综述表明，早期几代人提出的想法并未被后代的想法所取代。相反，这些想法代表了在工作流程、结构和提取这三个维度上的连续进展。
