Blaney B J, McKenzie R A, Walters J R, Taylor L F, Bewg W S, Ryley M J, Maryam R
Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Moorooka.
Aust Vet J. 2000 Feb;78(2):102-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb10535.x.
To establish the aetiology and define the main clinical features of a syndrome characterised by severe feed refusal, death of piglets and reduced milk production in pigs and dairy cattle.
Clinical, pathological, toxicological and epidemiological examination of clinical cases in 10 piggeries and 4 dairies, located between 50 and 150 km south-west of Rockhampton.
All cases were associated with the feeding of sorghum grain infected with sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana). There was mild to severe feed refusal when the sorghum was first offered. Sows fed ergot before farrowing had shrunken udders, produced no colostrum, and displayed signs of oestrus. All of their piglets died, apparently from starvation: necropsy of a few piglets showed that they were born alive and walked, but had ingested no milk. Sows fed the grain after farrowing had severe reductions in milk production despite aggressive sucking by piglets, leading to very poor growth of piglets. There were no signs of infectious disease. Ergot in sorghum samples ranged from 1 to 31% ergot sclerotes by weight. Total alkaloid concentrations in mixed feeds ranged from 5 to 40 mg/kg, with dihydroergosine accounting for approximately 90%. At the same time, in the same districts, there were reports of feed refusal and reduced milk production from 4 dairy farms. Grain samples from these farms contained up to 17% C africana ergot sclerotia.
Agalactia and feed refusal are classical signs of poisoning by rye ergot (C purpurea), but this is the first time that sorghum ergot has been associated with a similar syndrome.
确定以严重拒食、仔猪死亡以及猪和奶牛产奶量减少为特征的一种综合征的病因，并明确其主要临床特征。
对位于罗克汉普顿西南50至150公里处的10个养猪场和4个奶牛场的临床病例进行临床、病理、毒理学和流行病学检查。
所有病例均与饲喂感染高粱麦角菌（非洲麦角菌）的高粱谷物有关。首次提供高粱时，出现轻度至重度拒食。在分娩前饲喂麦角的母猪乳房萎缩，不分泌初乳，并表现出发情迹象。它们所有的仔猪均死亡，显然是饿死的：对几只仔猪的尸检表明，它们出生时存活且会行走，但未摄入乳汁。分娩后饲喂该谷物的母猪，尽管仔猪用力吸吮，但其产奶量仍大幅减少，导致仔猪生长非常缓慢。没有传染病的迹象。高粱样本中的麦角菌核重量占比为1%至31%。混合饲料中的总生物碱浓度为5至40毫克/千克，其中二氢麦角隐亭约占90%。与此同时，在同一地区，有4个奶牛场报告出现了拒食和产奶量减少的情况。这些农场的谷物样本中含有高达17%的非洲麦角菌核。
无乳和拒食是黑麦麦角菌（紫麦角菌）中毒的典型症状，但这是首次发现高粱麦角菌与类似综合征有关。
