Hoy J B, Cornell J A, Karlix J L, Tebbett I R, van Haaren F
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 2000 Apr;42(2):72-6.
Interactions of pyridostigmine bromide (PB), permethrin (PERM), and the insect repellent DEET (DEET) have been suggested as possible causes of Gulf War Syndrome (GWS) in humans. Open field locomotor studies have long been used in behavioral toxicology. Using male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, video-computer analyses, and the isobolographic method we have determined the effects on locomotor speed and thigmotaxis following repeated administration of single-, double-, or triple-drug or vehicle controls in an open field. The effects were measured 24 hours after 7 daily drug administrations. Single-drug administrations caused no significant effects. Double-drug administrations resulted in significant effects in the following cases: males given PB + DEET had a significantly slower locomotion rate; males given DEET + PERM had a significantly faster locomotion rate; females given PB + DEET had a significantly slower locomotion rate; and females given PB + PERM spent significantly more time in the center zone (less thigmotaxis). Triple-drug administration caused no significant effect. These results in comparison with behavioral studies in chickens and insects show certain similarities. The implications of the lasting effects on animal models are relevant to GWS in humans.
溴吡斯的明（PB）、氯菊酯（PERM）和驱蚊剂避蚊胺（DEET）之间的相互作用被认为可能是人类海湾战争综合征（GWS）的病因。旷场运动研究长期以来一直用于行为毒理学。我们使用雄性和雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠、视频计算机分析以及等效应线图法，确定了在旷场中重复给予单药、双药或三药或赋形剂对照后对运动速度和趋触性的影响。在每日给药7天后24小时测量这些影响。单药给药未产生显著影响。双药给药在以下情况下产生了显著影响：给予PB + DEET的雄性大鼠运动速度显著减慢；给予DEET + PERM的雄性大鼠运动速度显著加快；给予PB + DEET的雌性大鼠运动速度显著减慢；给予PB + PERM的雌性大鼠在中央区域花费的时间显著更多（趋触性降低）。三药给药未产生显著影响。与鸡和昆虫的行为研究相比，这些结果显示出一定的相似性。对动物模型的持久影响的意义与人类的海湾战争综合征相关。
