Cubbin C, Pickle L W, Fingerhut L
National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md., USA.
Am J Public Health. 2000 Apr;90(4):579-87. doi: 10.2105/ajph.90.4.579.
The recently published Atlas of United States Mortality depicted striking regional differences in homicide rates for Black and White males in the United States. This study examined these rates to gain an understanding of the contribution of social context to geographic variability in homicide.
Homicide rates were calculated by health service area for the years 1988 to 1992. The contributions of age, geographic location, urbanization, and sociostructural characteristics were evaluated by means of a weighted linear mixed effects model.
Regional differences in urbanization explained much of the geographic variation in homicide rates, but sociostructural factors also had a significant impact. The results suggest that these effects operate similarly for White and Black males, although differences were found in the magnitudes of the effects for the 2 groups.
Results point to a strong association between homicide and urbanization and socioeconomic conditions in all regions of the country for both Black and White males. These findings shed light on the potential correlates of high homicide rates in the United States in the near future.
最近出版的《美国死亡率地图集》显示，美国黑人和白人男性的凶杀率存在显著的地区差异。本研究对这些比率进行了考察，以了解社会环境对凶杀案地理差异的影响。
计算了1988年至1992年各卫生服务区的凶杀率。通过加权线性混合效应模型评估年龄、地理位置、城市化和社会结构特征的影响。
城市化的地区差异解释了凶杀率的大部分地理差异，但社会结构因素也有显著影响。结果表明，这些影响对黑人和白人男性的作用相似，尽管两组的影响程度存在差异。
结果表明，在该国所有地区，黑人和白人男性的凶杀案与城市化及社会经济状况之间都存在密切关联。这些发现揭示了美国近期凶杀率高的潜在相关因素。
