社区社会经济地位和体育活动资源对女性体育活动的影响
Contribution of neighbourhood socioeconomic status and physical activity resources to physical activity among women.
作者信息
Lee Rebecca E, Cubbin Catherine, Winkleby Marilyn
机构信息
Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Garrison Gym 104E, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007 Oct;61(10):882-90. doi: 10.1136/jech.2006.054098.
INTRODUCTION
Residence in a deprived neighbourhood is associated with lower rates of physical activity. Little is known about the manifestation of deprivation that mediates this relationship. This study aimed to investigate whether access to physical activity resources mediated the relationship between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and physical activity among women.
METHOD
Individual data from women participating in the Stanford Heart Disease Prevention Program (1979-90) were linked to census and archival data from existing records. Multilevel regression models were examined for energy expenditure and moderate and vigorous physical activity as reported in physical activity recalls.
RESULTS
After accounting for individual-level socioeconomic status, women who lived in lower-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods reported greater energy expenditure, but undertook less moderate physical activity, than women in moderate-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods. In contrast, women living in higher-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods reported more vigorous physical activity than women in moderate-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods. Although availability of physical activity resources did not appear to mediate any neighbourhood socioeconomic status associations, several significant interactions emerged, suggesting that women with low income or who live in lower-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods may differentially benefit from greater physical activity resource availability.
DISCUSSION
Although we found expected relationships between residence in a lower-socioeconomic status neighbourhood and undertaking less moderate or vigorous physical activity among women, we also found that these same women reported greater overall energy expenditure, perhaps as a result of greater work or travel demands. Greater availability of physical activity resources nearby appears to differentially benefit women living in lower-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods and low-income women, having implications for policy-making and planning.
引言
居住在贫困社区与较低的身体活动率相关。关于介导这种关系的贫困表现知之甚少。本研究旨在调查获得体育活动资源是否介导了社区社会经济地位与女性身体活动之间的关系。
方法
将参与斯坦福心脏病预防项目（1979 - 90年）的女性的个体数据与现有记录中的人口普查和档案数据相链接。对身体活动回忆中报告的能量消耗以及中度和剧烈身体活动进行多水平回归模型分析。
结果
在考虑了个体层面的社会经济地位后，与中等社会经济地位社区的女性相比，生活在低社会经济地位社区的女性报告的能量消耗更大，但进行的中度身体活动较少。相比之下，高社会经济地位社区的女性比中等社会经济地位社区的女性报告的剧烈身体活动更多。虽然体育活动资源的可获得性似乎并未介导任何社区社会经济地位关联，但出现了几个显著的交互作用，表明低收入或生活在低社会经济地位社区的女性可能会因更多的体育活动资源可获得性而有不同程度的受益。
讨论
虽然我们发现生活在低社会经济地位社区与女性进行较少的中度或剧烈身体活动之间存在预期的关系，但我们也发现这些女性报告的总体能量消耗更大，这可能是由于工作或出行需求增加所致。附近更多的体育活动资源可获得性似乎对生活在低社会经济地位社区的女性和低收入女性有不同程度的益处，这对政策制定和规划具有启示意义。
Zotero 插件