Kaye W H, Klump K L, Frank G K, Strober M
University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Annu Rev Med. 2000;51:299-313. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.51.1.299.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are disorders characterized by abnormal patterns of weight regulation and eating behavior and by disturbances in attitudes and perceptions toward weight and body shape. Etiologic research has indicated substantial genetic influence on these disorders, suggesting significant biological contributions to their development. Obsessional, perfectionistic, and anxious personality styles may be premorbid traits that contribute to this pathogenesis. Studies of neuroendocrine, neuropeptide, and neurotransmitter functioning in patients with AN and BN indicate that disturbances of these systems may contribute to the maintenance as well as the etiology of these sometimes fatal disorders. The efficacy of psychological treatments and pharmacotherapy has been more clearly established for BN than for AN.
神经性厌食症（AN）和神经性贪食症（BN）是一类以体重调节和饮食行为异常模式以及对体重和体型的态度与认知障碍为特征的疾病。病因学研究表明，这些疾病受遗传因素影响很大，提示其发病有重要的生物学因素。强迫、完美主义和焦虑的人格类型可能是导致发病的病前特质。对神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症患者神经内分泌、神经肽和神经递质功能的研究表明，这些系统的紊乱可能在这些有时会致命的疾病的维持及病因方面起作用。心理治疗和药物治疗对神经性贪食症的疗效比对神经性厌食症的疗效已得到更明确的确立。
