Shipman K, Zeman J, Penza S, Champion K
Dept. of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3013, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2000 Winter;12(1):47-62. doi: 10.1017/s0954579400001036.
Research has demonstrated that children who experience familial sexual maltreatment are at risk for developing psychological difficulties characterized by emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Surprisingly, however, little attention has been directed toward identifying processes in emotional development that differ in maltreated and nonmaltreated children. From a developmental psychopathology perspective, the present study examined emotion management skills (i.e., emotional understanding, emotion regulation) in 21 sexually maltreated girls and their nonmaltreated peers to determine how the experience of sexual maltreatment may interfere with normative emotional development. Findings indicated that sexually maltreated girls, in comparison to their nonmaltreated peers, demonstrate lower emotional understanding and decreased ability to regulate their emotions in accordance with cultural expectations. Further, maltreated girls expected less emotional support and more relational conflict from parents in response to sadness displays and from parents and peers in response to anger displays. These findings will be discussed from the functionalist approach to emotional development, emphasizing the importance of social context (e.g., maltreating, nonmaltreating) in the development of children's emotion management skills.
研究表明，遭受家庭性虐待的儿童有出现心理问题的风险，这些问题表现为情绪和行为失调。然而，令人惊讶的是，很少有人关注确定受虐待儿童和未受虐待儿童在情绪发展过程中的差异。从发展心理病理学的角度来看，本研究调查了21名遭受性虐待的女孩及其未受虐待的同龄人在情绪管理技能（即情绪理解、情绪调节）方面的情况，以确定性虐待经历如何干扰正常的情绪发展。研究结果表明，与未受虐待的同龄人相比，遭受性虐待的女孩表现出较低的情绪理解能力，以及按照文化期望调节情绪的能力下降。此外，受虐待的女孩预计，在她们表现出悲伤时，父母给予的情感支持较少，而关系冲突较多；在她们表现出愤怒时，父母和同龄人给予的情感支持较少，而关系冲突较多。将从情绪发展的功能主义方法来讨论这些发现，强调社会背景（如虐待、未虐待）在儿童情绪管理技能发展中的重要性。
