Leaity S, Sherr L, Wells H, Evans A, Miller R, Johnson M, Elford J
Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital, UK.
AIDS. 2000 Mar 31;14(5):547-52. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200003310-00010.
To examine the characteristics of repeat and first-time HIV testers and consider their implications for HIV test counselling.
An anonymous questionnaire was completed by nearly 1500 people seeking an HIV test between September 1997 and July 1998 at a same-day HIV testing clinic in London, United Kingdom. Repeat testers were those people who had previously tested HIV negative and were returning for another test. Information was collected on self-reported unprotected penetrative sex (UPS) in the previous 3 months and reasons for seeking the present test.
Overall, 50.6% (721/1446) of all clinic attenders were repeat testers: gay men 71.7% (337/470), heterosexual men 42.1% (208/494) and heterosexual women 38.6% (186/482). No significant differences were found between repeat and first time testers in the frequency of UPS (P > or = 0.06). However, gay men (but not heterosexual men and women) reporting three or more previous HIV tests were significantly more likely to report higher-risk UPS (i.e. with a partner whose HIV status was either positive or unknown) (42.2%) than those who had had one-two or no previous tests (25.3 and 25.4%, respectively; P = 0.002). Over half the heterosexual men and women, and one third of gay men said they were seeking the current HIV test in preparation for a new relationship; these proportions did not differ significantly between repeat and first-time testers (P > 0.1).
In this London HIV testing clinic, no significant differences were found in the frequency of UPS between repeat and first-time testers with the exception of gay men with a history of three or more previous HIV tests, who reported elevated levels of high-risk sexual behaviour. For many people, repeat HIV testing has become part of a risk reduction strategy to establish seroconcordance with a regular partner. HIV test counselling provides the opportunity both to address high-risk behaviour and to reinforce personal risk-reduction strategies.
研究重复进行HIV检测者和首次进行HIV检测者的特征，并探讨其对HIV检测咨询的意义。
1997年9月至1998年7月期间，在英国伦敦一家提供当日HIV检测服务的诊所，近1500名寻求HIV检测的人填写了一份匿名调查问卷。重复检测者是那些之前HIV检测呈阴性，现在回来再次检测的人。收集了他们在过去3个月内自我报告的无保护性行为（UPS）情况以及此次检测的原因。
总体而言，所有前来诊所检测的人中有50.6%（721/1446）是重复检测者：男同性恋者中这一比例为71.7%（337/470），异性恋男性为42.1%（208/494），异性恋女性为38.6%（186/482）。重复检测者和首次检测者在无保护性行为的频率方面未发现显著差异（P≥0.06）。然而，报告之前进行过三次或更多次HIV检测的男同性恋者（但异性恋男性和女性并非如此），与之前进行过一两次或未进行过检测的男同性恋者相比（分别为25.3%和25.4%），更有可能报告高风险的无保护性行为（即与HIV感染状况为阳性或未知的伴侣发生性行为）（42.2%）（P = 0.002）。超过一半的异性恋男性和女性，以及三分之一的男同性恋者表示，他们进行此次HIV检测是为了准备开始新的恋爱关系；重复检测者和首次检测者在这一比例上没有显著差异（P>0.1）。
在这家伦敦HIV检测诊所，除了有三次或更多次HIV检测史的男同性恋者报告的高风险性行为水平较高外，重复检测者和首次检测者在无保护性行为频率方面未发现显著差异。对许多人来说，重复进行HIV检测已成为降低风险策略的一部分，以与固定伴侣实现血清学一致。HIV检测咨询为解决高风险行为和加强个人降低风险策略提供了机会。
